Oncolytic paramyxoviruses-induced autophagy; a prudent weapon for cancer therapy

Keshavarz, Mohsen; Solaymani-Mohammadi, Farid; Miri, Seyed Mohammad; Ghaemi, Amir

doi:10.1186/s12929-019-0542-9

Cited by 26 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 90 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Consequently, finding novel methods for increasing the efficiency of tumor imaging and treatment is of great importance [1,2]. Recently, oncolytic virotherapy has provided a new outlook for the therapy of malignancies with promising outcomes [3,4]. Oncolytic viruses (OVs) specifically induce cancer cells death by infection of and spreading on tumor cells through different mechanisms such as direct lysis effect or adjacent cells fusion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virotheranostics, a double-barreled viral gun pointed toward cancer; ready to shoot?

et al. 2020

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Compared with conventional cancer treatments, the main advantage of oncolytic virotherapy is its tumor-selective replication followed by the destruction of malignant cells without damaging healthy cells. Accordingly, this kind of biological therapy can potentially be used as a promising approach in the field of cancer management. Given the failure of traditional monitoring strategies (such as immunohistochemical analysis (in providing sufficient safety and efficacy necessary for virotherapy and continual pharmacologic monitoring to track pharmacokinetics in real-time, the development of alternative strategies for ongoing monitoring of oncolytic treatment in a live animal model seems inevitable. Three-dimensional molecular imaging methods have recently been considered as an attractive approach to overcome the limitations of oncolytic therapy. These noninvasive visualization systems provide real-time follow-up of viral progression within the cancer tissue by the ability of engineered oncolytic viruses (OVs) to encode reporter transgenes based on recombinant technology. Human sodium/iodide symporter (hNIS) is considered as one of the most prevalent nuclear imaging reporter transgenes that provides precise information regarding the kinetics of gene expression, viral biodistribution, toxicity, and therapeutic outcomes using the accumulation of radiotracers at the site of transgene expression. Here, we provide an overview of pre-clinical and clinical applications of hNIS-based molecular imaging to evaluate virotherapy efficacy. Moreover, we describe different types of reporter genes and their potency in the clinical trials.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virotheranostics, a double-barreled viral gun pointed toward cancer; ready to shoot?

et al. 2020

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Besides these dissatisfactory approaches, oncolytic virotherapy with distinctive characteristics has shown promising results against cervical cancer [3]. Direct oncolysis along with the provocation of host systemic innate and adoptive immune responses introduce oncolytic virotherapy as one of the treatment methods with the most optimistic results in the treatment of human cancers [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergy between hemagglutinin 2 (HA2) subunit of influenza fusogenic membrane glycoprotein and oncolytic Newcastle disease virus suppressed tumor growth and further enhanced by Immune checkpoint PD-1 blockade

et al. 2020

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Newcastle disease virus (NDV) has shown noticeable oncolytic properties, especially against cervical cancer. However, in order to improve the spread rate and oncotoxicity of the virus, employment of other therapeutic reagents would be helpful. It has been shown that some viral fusogenic membrane glycoproteins (FMGs) could facilitate viral propagation and increase the infection rate of tumor cells by oncolytic viruses. Additionally, immune checkpoint blockade has widely been investigated for its anti-tumor effects against several types of cancers. Here, we investigated for the first time whether the incorporation of influenza hemagglutinin-2 (HA2) FMG could improve the oncolytic characteristics of NDV against cervical cancer. Next, we added anti-PD-1 mAb to our therapeutic recipe to assess the complementary role of immune checkpoint blockade in curbing tumor progression. Methods For this purpose, TC-1 tumor cells were injected into the mice models and treatment with NDV, iNDV, HA2, NDV-HA2, iNDV-HA2 began 10 days after tumor challenge and was repeated at day 17. In addition, PD-1 blockade was conducted by injection of anti-PD-1 mAb at days 9 and 16. Two weeks after the last treatment, sample mice were sacrificed and treatment efficacy was evaluated through immunological and immunohistochemical analysis. Moreover, tumors condition was monitored weekly for 6 weeks intervals and the tumor volume was measured and compared within different groups. Results The results of co-treatment with NDV and HA2 gene revealed that these agents act synergistically to induce antitumor immune responses against HPV-associated carcinoma by enhancement of E7-specific lymphocyte proliferation, inducement of CD8+ T cell cytotoxicity responses, increase in splenic cytokines and granzyme B, decrease in immunosuppressive cytokines and E6 oncogene expression, and upregulation of apoptotic proteins expression, in comparison with control groups. Moreover, incorporation of PD-1 blockade as the third side of our suggested therapy led to noticeable regression in tumor size and augmentation of cytokine responses. Conclusions The invaluable results of synergy between NDV virotherapy and HA2 gene therapy suggest that tumor-selective cell killing by oncolytic NDV can be enhanced by combining with FMG gene therapy. Moreover, the adjunction of the PD-1 blockade proves that checkpoint blockade can be considered as an effective complementary therapy for the treatment of cervical cancer.

show abstract

“…According to statistics, the appearance of about 18.1 million newfangled cancer victims and 9.6 million cancer-related fatalities just in 2018 is entirely self-explanatory of the importance of developing more efficient cancer therapy strategies [ 1 ]. Besides the well-known approaches of cancer therapy such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, surgery, as well as the latest methods such as oncolytic virotherapy, harnessing the immune system against cancer cells has been developed [ 2 , 3 ]. Engineered T-cell’s anti-cancer properties have expanded the application of immunotherapy from viral infections to cancer treatment [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CRISPR-Cas, a robust gene-editing technology in the era of modern cancer immunotherapy

et al. 2020

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cancer immunotherapy has been emerged as a promising strategy for treatment of a broad spectrum of malignancies ranging from hematological to solid tumors. One of the principal approaches of cancer immunotherapy is transfer of natural or engineered tumor-specific T-cells into patients, a so called “adoptive cell transfer”, or ACT, process. Construction of allogeneic T-cells is dependent on the employment of a gene-editing tool to modify donor-extracted T-cells and prepare them to specifically act against tumor cells with enhanced function and durability and least side-effects. In this context, CRISPR technology can be used to produce universal T-cells, equipped with recombinant T cell receptor (TCR) or chimeric antigen receptor (CAR), through multiplex genome engineering using Cas nucleases. The robust potential of CRISPR-Cas in preparing the building blocks of ACT immunotherapy has broaden the application of such therapies and some of them have gotten FDA approvals. Here, we have collected the last investigations in the field of immuno-oncology conducted in partnership with CRISPR technology. In addition, studies that have addressed the challenges in the path of CRISPR-mediated cancer immunotherapy, as well as pre-treatment applications of CRISPR-Cas have been mentioned in detail.

show abstract

Oncolytic paramyxoviruses-induced autophagy; a prudent weapon for cancer therapy

Cited by 26 publications

References 90 publications

Virotheranostics, a double-barreled viral gun pointed toward cancer; ready to shoot?

Virotheranostics, a double-barreled viral gun pointed toward cancer; ready to shoot?

Synergy between hemagglutinin 2 (HA2) subunit of influenza fusogenic membrane glycoprotein and oncolytic Newcastle disease virus suppressed tumor growth and further enhanced by Immune checkpoint PD-1 blockade

CRISPR-Cas, a robust gene-editing technology in the era of modern cancer immunotherapy

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About