Oncologic applications of diffusion‐weighted MRI in the body

Bonekamp, Susanne; Corona‐Villalobos, Celia P.; Kamel, Ihab R.

doi:10.1002/jmri.22786

Cited by 114 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 218 publications

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“…Most DW-MRI studies have been conducted using 1.5T MR systems although 3.0T systems are increasingly being used due to increased availability and potential for improved image quality [33,[46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58] . The following sections are by no means a comprehensive review of all the published literature to-date but it is rather intended to give an overview of the variation in the published ADC values in clinical extra-cranial studies (in vivo) and provide the readers median values for the different organs.…”

Section: Variability Of Published Adc Values In Normal Tissuementioning

confidence: 99%

Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in cancer: Reported apparent diffusion coefficients,in-vitroandin-vivoreproducibility

Jafar

Parsaï

Miquel

2016

WJR

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There is considerable disparity in the published apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values across different anatomies. Institutions are increasingly assessing repeatability and reproducibility of the derived ADC to determine its variation, which could potentially be used as an indicator in determining tumour aggressiveness or assessing tumour response. In this manuscript, a review of selected articles published to date in healthy extracranial body diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging is presented, detailing reported ADC values and discussing their variation across different studies. In total 115 studies were selected including 28 for liver parenchyma, 15 for kidney (renal parenchyma), 14 for spleen, 13 for pancreatic body, 6 for gallbladder, 13 for prostate, 13 for uterus (endometrium, myometrium, cervix) In addition, six phantom studies and thirteen in vivo studies were summarized to compare repeatability and reproducibility of the measured ADC. All selected phantom studies demonstrated lower intra-scanner and inter-scanner variation compared to in vivo studies. Based on the findings of this manuscript, it is recommended that protocols need to be optimised for the body part studied and that system-induced variability must be established using a standardized phantom in any clinical study. Reproducibility of the measured ADC must also be assessed in a volunteer population, as variations are far more significant in vivo compared with phantom studies. Core tip: Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging was highlighted as a potential cancer imaging biomarker by a team of experts in a report published in 2009. We review the variability of published diffusion values in the major extra-cranial organs and focus on the validation literature, both in vivo and in vitro . A total of 115 studies were selected including for liver parenchyma, kidney, pancreatic body, spleen, gallbladder, prostate, uterus (endometrium, myometrium, cervix) and breast. We also look in detail at the published repeatability and reproducibility studies, both in vivo and in phantoms. A series of recommendations based on our findings are given at the end of this review.Jafar MM, Parsai A, Miquel ME. Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in cancer: Reported apparent diffusion coefficients, in vitro and in vivo reproducibility.

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Section: Variability Of Published Adc Values In Normal Tissuementioning

confidence: 99%

Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in cancer: Reported apparent diffusion coefficients,in-vitroandin-vivoreproducibility

Jafar

Parsaï

Miquel

2016

WJR

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“…Generally, radiotherapy makes tumor necrosis or increase in extracellular space water diffusion, and increase in ADC value of the tumor [24]. We had speculated that the rate of tumor necrosis was related to the increased ADC values, but there was no correlation between the tumor reduction ratio and ADC values in our study (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Preliminary study of apparent diffusion coefficient assessment after ion beam therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma

Kanamoto

Miyati

Terashima

et al. 2016

Radiol Phys Technol

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We evaluated the state of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the liver after ion beam therapy by analyzing the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC). In this retrospective study, we evaluated 13 HCC lesions in 10 patients who underwent magnetic resonance imaging before and after therapy. Diffusion-weighted imaging was performed with use of b values of 0, 150, and 800 s/mm 2 . The ADC was determined for the tumor, irradiated liver, and normal liver. The maximum size of the tumor was measured, and reduction in tumor size was determined as a ratio of the maximum size of the diameter of the tumor. We compared the ADC before and after the therapy with the reduction in tumor size ratio. The reduction in tumor size ratio was compared with the ADCs of the tumors. The ADC of the tumor and the irradiated liver were significantly higher after therapy than before therapy. The ADC of the normal liver was not significantly different before and after therapy. The reduction ratio increased significantly (R = 0.73, P = 0.006) after therapy at the second follow-up when compared with after therapy at the first follow-up. No correlation was found between the reduction ratio and the ADC of the tumor in each follow-up. Inflammation of the liver occurs after treatment as a result of radiation doses from the ion beam, and the tumor reaches a state of necrosis. ADC value analysis provides a non-invasive assessment and yields focal information regarding the tumor and liver before and after ion beam therapy.

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“…Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) utilizes the random movement of water molecules to construct images (10). Based on DWI, diffusion-weighted whole body imaging with background body signal suppression (DWIBS) has been developed (11,12).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis of complications associated with acute cholecystitis using computed tomography and diffusion-weighted imaging with background body signal suppression/T2 image fusion

Tomizawa

Shinozaki

Tanaka

et al. 2017

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

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Abstract. In a clinical setting, it is important to diagnose complications of acute cholecystitis accurately. Diffusion-weighted whole body imaging with background body signal suppression/T2-weighted image fusion (DWIBS/T2) provides high signal intensity with a strong contrast against surrounding tissues in anatomical settings. In the present study, patients who were being treated for acute cholecystitis and underwent DWIBS/T2 in the National Hospital Organization Shimoshizu Hospital between December 2012 and August 2015 were enrolled. A total of 10 men and 4 women underwent DWIBS/T2. Records, including DWIBS/T2 and computed tomography (CT) imaging, were retrospectively analyzed for patients with acute cholecystitis. CT images revealed thickened gallbladder walls in patients with acute cholecystitis, and high signal intensity was observed in DWIBS/T2 images for the thickened gallbladder wall. Inflammation of the pericholecystic space and the liver resulted in high intensity signals with DWIBS/T2 imaging, whereas CT imaging revealed a low-density area in the cholecystic space. Plain CT scanning identified a low-density area in the liver, which became more obvious with contrast-enhanced CT. DWIBS/T2 imaging showed the inflammation of the liver and pericholesyctic space as an area of high signal intensity. Detectability of inflammation of the pericholecystic space and the liver was the same for DWIBS/T2 and CT, which suggests that DWIBS/T2 has the same sensitivity as CT scanning for the diagnosis of complicated acute cholecystitis. However, the strong contrast shown by DWIBS/T2 allows for easier evaluation of acute cholecystitis than CT scanning. IntroductionAcute cholecystitis is an inflammation of the gallbladder caused by gallstones packed in its neck or the cystic duct (1). Perforations of the gallbladder into the liver or the pericholecystic space may lead to the development of liver abscesses or peritonitis, respectively (2-4). In order to effectively manage acute cholecystitis, an accurate diagnosis must be made before the disease worsens (5). Acute cholecystitis is diagnosed based on a combination of signs indicating local and systemic inflammation (6). Local inflammation presents as right upper quadrant pain. Murphy's sign, which is a pain on taking a deep breath in the right upper quadrant when the examiner's finger is on the location of the gallbladder, is considered to be the most useful indicator for the diagnosis of local inflammation in patients with acute cholecystitis (7). Systemic inflammation is confirmed based on the findings of blood tests, with leukocytosis and elevated levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) indicating systemic inflammation (8). To confirm the diagnosis of cholecystitis, diagnostic imaging is useful; computed tomography (CT) scanning typically reveals thickened walls of the gallbladder, pericholecystic inflammation, and the presence of liver abscesses (9).Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) utilizes the random movement of water molecules to construct images (10). Based on DWI, diffus...

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Oncologic applications of diffusion‐weighted MRI in the body

Cited by 114 publications

References 218 publications

Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in cancer: Reported apparent diffusion coefficients,in-vitroandin-vivoreproducibility

Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in cancer: Reported apparent diffusion coefficients,in-vitroandin-vivoreproducibility

Preliminary study of apparent diffusion coefficient assessment after ion beam therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma

Diagnosis of complications associated with acute cholecystitis using computed tomography and diffusion-weighted imaging with background body signal suppression/T2 image fusion

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