Oncogenic and incidental HPV types associated with histologically confirmed cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in HIV-positive and HIV-negative South African women

Abstract

In South Africa, burdened by the HIV pandemic, high numbers of high- and low-risk HPV type infections are present in women with cervical preneoplasia. HPV type distribution differs among varying levels of HIV-induced immune depletion.

Suppressive antiretroviral therapy associates with effective treatment of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia

“…Similar to earlier studies we found WLWH to be significantly more prone to have multiple HR HPV infections than HNW [167][168][169] . The clinical significance of multiple infections is unclear as prospective evidence on this issue is limited 170 .…”

Age, absolute CD4 count, and CD4 percentage in relation to HPV infection and the stage of cervical disease in HIV-1-positive women

“…[ 17 , 18 ] However, many previous studies used only cytology results synonymously with cervical premalignant changes and none of them correlated with absolute CD4 count and CD4 percentage, concurrently. [ 19 – 21 ] Because cytology is only a screening test, it is important that the oncogenic HPV genotypes be confirmed inside the tumor itself. [ 15 ] Lack of characterization of age, absolute CD4 count and CD4 percentage concurrently in women with cervical disease, makes the association of diagnostic clinical immune parameters in women with cervical disease unclear, particularly in HIV-1 infected women in South Africa, where HIV-1 prevalence and incidence in women are among the highest in the world.…”

Investigation of a Putative Novel Papillomavirus that causes InvertedPapillomas in Horses

“…The prevalence of HPV in HIV-infected patients is higher than in non-HIV-infected individuals and varies over time and with the degree of immunosuppression. In people with immunosuppression, warts may become extensive, may frequently relapse after treatment, and are more likely to be dysplastic [27][28][29][30][31].…”