Onchocerca volvulus: expression and immunolocalization of a nematode cathepsin D-like lysosomal aspartic protease

Jolodar, Abbas; Fischer, Peter; Büttner, Dietrich W.; Miller, David J.; Schmetz, Christel; Brattig, Norbert W.

doi:10.1016/j.exppara.2004.06.006

Cited by 42 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The observation of lysosomal bodies at the uterine wall, as observed by Franz et al (1984) in adult female of O. volvulus, which could participate in the digestion of those vesicles, supports that idea. Thus, our observations are in agreement with those of Jolodar et al (2004), Peixoto et al (1999), Selkirk et al (1990), and Zhang et al (2004), which have demonstrated that filariids can absorb and digest molecules that are metabolized and secreted by the intestinal wall.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 95%

“…They can digest and absorb molecules that are metabolized and secreted by the intestinal wall; as such, small peptides that regurgited from the worm gut are secondarily absorbed via the transcuticular route (Peixoto et al 1999). Immunolocalization studies have detected some proteins and enzymes in the intestine of filariids that can interact with the immune system of the host and may also be essential for nematodes A survival, such as (a) gp29, a glycoprotein that is present in the cuticle and hypodermal cell layer of the Brugia malayi adult and is also found on the basement of the basal lamina of the intestine (Selkirk et al 1990); (b) CuZn superoxide dismutase (Wildenburg and Henkle-Duhrsen 1999) and a cathepsin D-like lysosomal aspartic protease (Jolodar et al 2004) that appears to function in intestinal digestion and tissue degradation of Onchocerca volvulus and is recognized in the sera of onchocerciasis patients; and (c) a phosphoglycerate mutase (Zhang et al 2004) from the glycolytic and gluconeogenic pathways for all nematodes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fine structure and cytochemical analysis of the intestinal wall along the body of adult female of Litomosoides chagasfilhoi (Nematoda: Filarioidea)

et al. 2006

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Litomosoides chagasfilhoi is a filariid nematode parasite of the abdominal cavity of the wild rodent Akodon cursor (Winge, 1887), that has been described and used in Brazil as a new model for human filariasis. The fine structure of the intestine of this nematode was analyzed based on observations made by light and transmission electron microscopies of serial sections along the body. Cytochemical analysis was carried out to investigate the composition of the intestinal wall. This structure consisted of a basal lamina and an epithelium of variable thickness, composed of cells that have an irregular shape. The cytoplasm of intestinal cells contains few organelles: vacuoles, lysosomal bodies, spheroid bodies, endoplasmic reticulum, and many large lipid droplets. In the anterior portion of the intestine, the lysosomal bodies, spheroid bodies, and vacuoles presented positive reaction for acid phosphatase, and carbohydrates were detected in lysosomal bodies. The midbody and posterior regions presented less organelles and lipid droplets, and nuclei were more abundant. Residues of L-fucose were detected by Ulex europaeus lectin binding in the midbody sections. Basic proteins were associated to lipid droplets, in the posterior region. In the whole extension of the intestine, carbohydrates were detected on tight junctions. These results indicate that the metabolized material in the epithelium can contribute to the microfilariae development and also probably can be involved with the excretory/secretory mechanism of these nematodes.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fine structure and cytochemical analysis of the intestinal wall along the body of adult female of Litomosoides chagasfilhoi (Nematoda: Filarioidea)

et al. 2006

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“…Several aspartic proteases have also been described in different parasitic nematodes, including hookworms (Williamson et al 2004), S. stercoralis (Gallego et al 1998), Haemonchus contortus (Longbottom et al 1997) and Onchocerca volvulus (Jolodar et al 2004) and in the free-living nematode Caenorhabditis elegans (Geier et al 1999). In the hookworms, these proteases play an important role in haemoglobin digestion in the intestine and in tissue degradation during the larvae migration in the mammalian host (Williamson et al 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteolytic activity in the adult and larval stages of the human roundworm parasite Angiostrongylus costaricensis

Rebello¹,

Siqueira

Ribeiro

et al. 2012

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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“…The characteristics for worm death included completely calcified worm portions, remnants of the cuticle of nearly absorbed filariae, loss of body wall integrity, loss of nuclei, and absence of APR staining (Figs. 2, 4, and 5; Jolodar et al 2004). Degenerated worms still APR positive were considered moribund Gardon et al 2002) and also classified as "dead".…”

Section: Immunohistologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To demonstrate the presence of Wolbachia, a rabbit anti-serum against Dirofilaria immitis Wolbachia surface protein (DiWsp) was used diluted 1:1,000 (Bazzocchi et al 2000). Vitality of adult worms, oocytes, and embryos was assessed with rabbit anti-serum against a cathepsin D-like lysosomal aspartic protease of O. volvulus (APR) diluted 1:1,000 (Jolodar et al 2004). This antibody helped also to differentiate the worms and to count them.…”

Section: Immunohistologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of 5-week doxycycline treatment on adult Onchocerca volvulus

et al. 2008

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The effects of 5-week doxycycline treatment on the depletion of Wolbachia endobacteria from Onchocerca volvulus, on the interruption of embryogenesis and on microfilariae production, and with regard to macrofilaricidal activity were studied. In 2003, in an endemic area in Ghana, 22 onchocerciasis patients received 100 mg/day doxycycline for 5 weeks. Two years after the start of the study, 20 treated and ten untreated patients were nodulectomized and skin microfilariae were counted. The onchocercomas were examined by immunohistology for the presence of Wolbachia, embryogenesis, and vitality of adult filariae. The latter two parameters were further assessed by alternating logistic regression analysis, taking into account the dependency of worms and nodules in patients. Doxycycline resulted in depletion of Wolbachia and in complete interruption of embryogenesis in all worms that were assumed to have been present during treatment. In the treated patients, only 51% of the female worms were alive, compared to 84% in the untreated patients, indicating a moderate but distinct macrofilaricidal activity of doxycycline at this dose. It is concluded that, in areas with ongoing transmission, doxycycline cannot replace regular ivermectin mass treatment because new infections would require repeated rounds of doxycycline. However, doxycycline can be used for the treatment of individuals outside transmission areas, in foci where ivermectin resistance may occur, and in countries where onchocerciasis and loiasis are co-endemic. Abbreviations

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Onchocerca volvulus: expression and immunolocalization of a nematode cathepsin D-like lysosomal aspartic protease

Cited by 42 publications

References 36 publications

Fine structure and cytochemical analysis of the intestinal wall along the body of adult female of Litomosoides chagasfilhoi (Nematoda: Filarioidea)

Fine structure and cytochemical analysis of the intestinal wall along the body of adult female of Litomosoides chagasfilhoi (Nematoda: Filarioidea)

Proteolytic activity in the adult and larval stages of the human roundworm parasite Angiostrongylus costaricensis

Efficacy of 5-week doxycycline treatment on adult Onchocerca volvulus

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