On Using Micro-Clouds to Deliver the Fog

Elkhatib, Yehia; Porter, B.; Ribeiro, Heverson B.; Zhani, Mohamed Faten; Qadir, Junaid; Rivière, Étienne

doi:10.1109/mic.2017.35

Cited by 81 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(22 reference statements)

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“…Elkhatib et al [398] propose the use of micro-clouds, which are small deployable computational infrastructures, to deploy fog networks. A device as small as an RPi can be used to create a micro-cloud.…”

Section: Experiments With Single-board Computers As Enablers Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

All one needs to know about fog computing and related edge computing paradigms: A complete survey

Yousefpour

Fung

Nguyen

et al. 2019

Journal of Systems Architecture

1,084

613

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With the Internet of Things (IoT) becoming part of our daily life and our environment, we expect rapid growth in the number of connected devices. IoT is expected to connect billions of devices and humans to bring promising advantages for us. With this growth, fog computing, along with its related edge computing paradigms, such as multi-access edge computing (MEC) and cloudlet, are seen as promising solutions for handling the large volume of securitycritical and time-sensitive data that is being produced by the IoT. In this paper, we first provide a tutorial on fog computing and its related computing paradigms, including their similarities and differences. Next, we provide a taxonomy of research topics in fog computing, and through a comprehensive survey, we summarize and categorize the efforts on fog computing and its related computing paradigms. Finally, we provide challenges and future directions for research in fog computing.

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Section: Experiments With Single-board Computers As Enablers Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

All one needs to know about fog computing and related edge computing paradigms: A complete survey

Yousefpour

Fung

Nguyen

et al. 2019

Journal of Systems Architecture

1,084

613

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…• Edge to edge infrastructures: today's cloud providers are building infrastructures everywhere from the edge of the network to the core. Such infrastructures are made out from cloud data centers with large amounts of resources and several micro clouds with potentially less computing resources towards the edge [25], [26], [27].…”

Section: A Network Infrastructurementioning

confidence: 99%

FlexNGIA: A Flexible Internet Architecture for the Next-Generation Tactile Internet

Zhani

Elbakoury

2020

J Netw Syst Manage

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From virtual reality and telepresence, to augmented reality, holoportation, and remotely controlled robotics, these future network applications promise an unprecedented development for society, economics and culture by revolutionizing the way we live, learn, work and play. In order to deploy such futuristic applications and to cater to their performance requirements, recent trends stressed the need for the "Tactile Internet", an Internet that, according to the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), combines ultra low latency with extremely high availability, reliability and security [1]. Unfortunately, todays Internet falls short when it comes to providing such stringent requirements due to several fundamental limitations in the design of the current network architecture and communication protocols. This brings the need to rethink the network architecture and protocols, and efficiently harness recent technological advances in terms of virtualization and network softwarization to design the Tactile Internet of the future.In this paper, we start by analyzing the characteristics and requirements of future networking applications. We then highlight the limitations of the traditional network architecture and protocols and their inability to cater to these requirements. Afterward, we put forward a novel network architecture adapted to the Tactile Internet called FlexNGIA, a Flexible Next-Generation Internet Architecture 1 . We then describe some use-cases where we discuss the potential mechanisms and control loops that could be offered by FlexNGIA in order to ensure the required performance and reliability guarantees for future applications. Finally, we identify the key research challenges to further develop FlexNGIA towards a full-fledged architecture for the future Tactile Internet.

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“…Virtualized cellular networks without OTA testing have been studied widely [7], [16], [17], [18], [19], [20], [21], [22], [23], [24], [25]. OTA testbeds without MEC have been installed on LTE [26], [27], [28], [29] and, to avoid regulated spectrum, on WiFi [30], [31].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Open-source RANs in Practice: an Over-The-Air Deployment for 5G MEC

Haavisto

Arif

Lovén

et al. 2019

2019 European Conference on Networks and Communications (EuCNC)

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Edge computing that leverages cloud resources to the proximity of user devices is seen as the future infrastructure for distributed applications. However, developing and deploying edge applications, that rely on cellular networks, is burdensome. Such network infrastructures are often based on proprietary components, each with unique programming abstractions and interfaces. To facilitate straightforward deployment of edge applications, we introduce open-source software (OSS) based radio access network (RAN) on over-the-air (OTA) commercial spectrum with Development Operations (DevOps) capabilities. OSS allows software modifications and integrations of the system components, e.g., Evolved Packet Core (EPC) and edge hosts running applications, required for new data pipelines and optimizations not addressed in standardization. Such an OSS infrastructure enables further research and prototyping of novel end-user applications in an environment familiar to software engineers without telecommunications background. We evaluated the presented infrastructure with end-to-end (E2E) OTA testing, resulting in 7.5MB/s throughput and latency of 21ms, which shows that the presented infrastructure provides low latency for edge applications.

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On Using Micro-Clouds to Deliver the Fog

Cited by 81 publications

References 16 publications

All one needs to know about fog computing and related edge computing paradigms: A complete survey

All one needs to know about fog computing and related edge computing paradigms: A complete survey

FlexNGIA: A Flexible Internet Architecture for the Next-Generation Tactile Internet

Open-source RANs in Practice: an Over-The-Air Deployment for 5G MEC

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