On The Visibility Of Fiducial Markers For Mobile Eye Tracking

Ayala, Naila; Mardanbegi, Diako; Duchowski, Andrew T.; Niechwiej-Szwedo, Ewa; Cao, Shi; Kearns, Suzanne K.; Irving, Elizabeth L.

doi:10.1145/3588015.3588413

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Eye tracking can help reveal these differences through the examination of other basic and dynamic gaze metrics that provide further insight into how efficiently individuals process information and could reveal the differing levels of task demands associated with a particular scenario. For example, previous work has shown that more efficient information processing is associated with reduced fixation duration ( 3 ; 12 ; 26 ; 40 ; 50 ; 52 ; 64 ), increased fixation frequencies ( 12 ; 25 ; 26 ; 28 ; 40 ; 64 ), as well as a greater propensity to fixate more task-relevant areas of interest (AOIs) - greater fixation dispersion (i.e., Stationary Gaze Entropy: SGE) - in a more variable/flexible pattern; as made apparent with greater fixation sequence complexity (i.e., Gaze Transition Entropy: GTE) ( 6 ; 5 ; 4 ; 26 ; 28 ; 40 ; 50 ). Several studies have also demonstrated how reduced blink rate is a reliable proxy for increased task difficulty as well as cognitive load ( 26 ; 40 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the role of flight phase and task difficulty on low-time pilot performance, gaze dynamics and subjective situation awareness during simulated flight

Ayala,

Kearns,

Irving

et al. 2024

J Eye Mov Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Gaze behaviour has been used as a proxy for information processing capabilities that underlie complex skill performance in real-world domains such as aviation. These processes are highly influenced by task requirements, expertise and can provide insight into situation awareness (SA). Little research has been done to examine the extent to which gaze behaviour, task performance and SA are impacted by various task manipulations within the confines of early-stage skill development. Accordingly, the current study aimed to understand the impact of task difficulty on landing performance, gaze behaviour and SA across different phases of flight. Twenty-four low-time (<300 hours) pilots completed simulated landing scenarios under visual flight rules conditions. Traditional gaze metrics, entropy-based metrics, and blink rate provided meaningful insight about the extent to which information processing is modulated by flight phase and task difficulty. The results also suggested that gaze behavior changes compensated for increased task demands and minimized the impact on task performance. Dynamic gaze analyses were shown to be a robust measure of task difficulty and pilot flight hours. Recommendations for the effective implementation of gaze behaviour metrics and their utility in examining information processing changes are discussed.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the role of flight phase and task difficulty on low-time pilot performance, gaze dynamics and subjective situation awareness during simulated flight

Ayala,

Kearns,

Irving

et al. 2024

J Eye Mov Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Large eye–head gaze shifts measured with a wearable eye tracker and an industrial camera

Hooge,

Niehorster,

Nyström

et al. 2024

Behav Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We built a novel setup to record large gaze shifts (up to 140$$^\circ $$ ∘ ). The setup consists of a wearable eye tracker and a high-speed camera with fiducial marker technology to track the head. We tested our setup by replicating findings from the classic eye–head gaze shift literature. We conclude that our new inexpensive setup is good enough to investigate the dynamics of large eye–head gaze shifts. This novel setup could be used for future research on large eye–head gaze shifts, but also for research on gaze during e.g., human interaction. We further discuss reference frames and terminology in head-free eye tracking. Despite a transition from head-fixed eye tracking to head-free gaze tracking, researchers still use head-fixed eye movement terminology when discussing world-fixed gaze phenomena. We propose to use more specific terminology for world-fixed phenomena, including gaze fixation, gaze pursuit, and gaze saccade.

show abstract

On The Visibility Of Fiducial Markers For Mobile Eye Tracking

Cited by 2 publications

References 10 publications

Investigating the role of flight phase and task difficulty on low-time pilot performance, gaze dynamics and subjective situation awareness during simulated flight

Investigating the role of flight phase and task difficulty on low-time pilot performance, gaze dynamics and subjective situation awareness during simulated flight

Large eye–head gaze shifts measured with a wearable eye tracker and an industrial camera

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About