On the Variable Clinical Presentation of Molar-Incisor Hypomineralization

Abstract

Molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is a condition that is defined based on its peculiar clinical presentation. Original reports on the etiology of the condition and possible risk factors were inconclusive, and we refuted the original suggestion that MIH is an idiopathic condition and suggested that MIH has complex inheritance and is due to the interaction of more than one gene and the environment. Our group was the first to suggest MIH has a genetic component that involves genetic variation in genes expressed during dental enamel formation. Later we expanded this work to include genes related to the immune response. In this report, we provide a rationale to explain the variation seen in the clinical presentation of MIH, which can affect just one molar out of the four or just a portion of a particular molar.

Molar incisor hypomineralisation and dental anomalies: A random or real association?

“…A systematic review linked MIH to a plethora of pre‐ and post‐natal episodes such as maternal illness and medications; emergency caesarean section or vaginal delivery complications; prematurity; illness in infancy (notably otitis media, pneumonia, high fever episodes), and early use of antibiotics . In more recent years, attention has turned to the genetic contribution to MIH and current opinion very much favours a multifactorial aetiology due to ‘interactions of more than one gene and the environment’ . Jeremias and co‐workers analysed salivary DNA from a cohort of Brazilian and Turkish children and found numerous genes (ENAM, AMBN, TFIP11, and TUFT1) to be either protective of, or highly associated with, a diagnosis of MIH .…”

Molar incisor hypomineralization: A review and prevalence in Japan

“…A combination of factors may affect the occurrence of MIH and result in abnormal enamel formation. Although MIH was initially described as an idiopathic defect [ 15 ], it has recently been proposed that it is a genetic condition [ 5 , 21 , 59 ]. A possible association has been observed between MIH and variations in the AMBN , ENAM , TUFT1 , TFIP11 , and SCUBE1 genes [ 24 ].…”

Molaren-Inzisiven-Hypomineralisation (MIH). Häufigkeit und mögliche Ursachen unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Ergebnisse aus den Münchner Geburtskohorten GINIplus und LISA

“…Die Molaren-Inzisiven-Hypomineralisation (MIH) stellt eine entwicklungsbedingte Störung der Zahnschmelzbildung dar, welche durch eine oder mehrere nach wie vor unbekannte, systemisch wirkende Noxen bedingt wird [1][2][3]. Der oder die verursachende/n Faktor/en oder Substanz/en führen zu einer Störung der regulären Schmelzbildung durch die Ameloblasten und in der Folge sind sowohl Hypomineralisationen -als qualitative Normabweichungensowie Hypoplasien -als quantitative Schmelzdefekte -beobachtbar.…”