On the usefulness of a duplicating mirror to evaluate self-absorption effects in laser induced breakdown spectroscopy

Moon, Heh-Young; Herrera, Kathleen K.; Omenetto, N.; Smith, Benjamin W.; Winefordner, J. D.

doi:10.1016/j.sab.2009.06.011

Cited by 118 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Contents lists available at ScienceDirect journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jqsrt Several works have proposed procedures for correcting self-absorption as a preliminary step towards characterization of laser-induced plasmas by the mentioned optical emission spectroscopy techniques [6][7][8][9][10]. Among these works, we may distinguish that of Moon et al [10], where the method based on the use of a duplicating mirror is illustrated, proving its usefulness in evaluating the effect of self-absorption.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among these works, we may distinguish that of Moon et al [10], where the method based on the use of a duplicating mirror is illustrated, proving its usefulness in evaluating the effect of self-absorption. It is shown that this method allows improving the accuracy in temperature determination from Saha-Boltzmann plots as well as the linearity of analytical calibration curves.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, in all cases the COGs are defined as graphs of the intensity of a given line versus the concentration of the emitting element in the sample. However, apart from the number density and the optical path varied in the duplicating mirror experiments [10], the optical depth depends also on other quantities, which may be divided into, on one side, a group including the oscillator strength, the partition function and the Boltzmann factor corrected for stimulated emission and, on the other side, the line shape. The effect of the first group of parameters is quantified in the k t coefficient, introduced in our previous work [20], which depends on the oscillator strength and other atomic data of the transition as well as on the plasma temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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CSigma graphs: A new approach for plasma characterization in laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

Aragón

Aguilera

2014

Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer

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a b s t r a c tA generalization of curves of growth called CSigma (Cσ) graphs, which allows including several lines of various elements in the same ionization state at different concentrations, is proposed for laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) experiments. The method relies on the Boltzmann, Saha and radiative transfer equations for plasmas in local thermodynamic equilibrium. Cσ graphs are based on the calculation of a line cross section σ l for each of the experimental data, starting from the atomic data of the line, the temperature and the electron density. A model of homogeneous plasma, applied separately for neutral atoms and ions, is used. A limit of validity is established for this model. Experimental Cσ graphs have been obtained using fused glass samples containing Fe, Mn, Mg, Si and Cr. By fitting experimental Cσ graphs to calculated curves, the LIBS system becomes characterized by a set of four parameters βA, Nl, T, N e , different for neutral atoms and ions. Starting from this characterization, the intensity and selfabsorption of a given spectral line of an element at a certain concentration may be predicted, provided that its atomic data are known and the limit of validity is not exceeded.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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CSigma graphs: A new approach for plasma characterization in laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

Aragón

Aguilera

2014

Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer

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“…96 With regard to the articles cited, they can be divided into broad categories dealing with population distributions and deviations from equilibrium, [97][98][99][100][101][102][103][104][105][106][107][108][109][110] classification of diagnostic methods, 111,112 local and space-integrated intensity definitions, 113,114 ion-toneutral ratios and their diagnostic relevance, [115][116][117][118][119][120][121][122][123][124][125] line-to-continuum ratios, [126][127][128][129][130][131] scattering methods, [132][133][134][135] evaluation of electron number density and plasma temperature, including Stark broadening of H-lines, Stark broadening of non-hydrogenic transitions, influence of the instrumental profile, [199][200][201][202][203][204] calibration of...…”

Section: Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium Theoretical Equilibrium Expmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS), Part I: Review of Basic Diagnostics and Plasma—Particle Interactions: Still-Challenging Issues within the Analytical Plasma Community

2010

Self Cite

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Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) has become a very popular analytical method in the last decade in view of some of its unique features such as applicability to any type of sample, practically no sample preparation, remote sensing capability, and speed of analysis. The technique has a remarkably wide applicability in many fields, and the number of applications is still growing. From an analytical point of view, the quantitative aspects of LIBS may be considered its Achilles' heel, first due to the complex nature of the laser–sample interaction processes, which depend upon both the laser characteristics and the sample material properties, and second due to the plasma–particle interaction processes, which are space and time dependent. Together, these may cause undesirable matrix effects. Ways of alleviating these problems rely upon the description of the plasma excitation-ionization processes through the use of classical equilibrium relations and therefore on the assumption that the laser-induced plasma is in local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE). Even in this case, the transient nature of the plasma and its spatial inhomogeneity need to be considered and overcome in order to justify the theoretical assumptions made. This first article focuses on the basic diagnostics aspects and presents a review of the past and recent LIBS literature pertinent to this topic. Previous research on non-laser-based plasma literature, and the resulting knowledge, is also emphasized. The aim is, on one hand, to make the readers aware of such knowledge and on the other hand to trigger the interest of the LIBS community, as well as the larger analytical plasma community, in attempting some diagnostic approaches that have not yet been fully exploited in LIBS.

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“…For instance, line-ofsight measurements of laser-induced plasma at or near an ice surface 1 show self-reversal tips at the un-shifted resonance wavelength of the hydrogen alpha line of the Balmer series. Typical "fingerprints" due to re-absorption include self-reversal and line-shape distortions [2][3][4][5][6][7][8] . In this work, two parameters distinguish between these effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Absorption Analysis of Silver Resonance Lines in Nano-Material Laser Produced Plasma

Sherbini¹,

Ma²,

Mr³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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The resonance spectra of neutral silver indicate self-absorption for the studied Ag I lines at the wavelengths of 327.9 nm and 338.2 nm. The center dip is associated with self-reversal due to self-absorption in the plasma. The Q-switched radiation of 355 nm, 532 nm, or 1064 nm from a Nd:YAG laser device generates the plasma at the surface of silver nano-material targets, with experiments conducted in standard ambient temperature and pressure laboratory air. Procedures for recovery of the spectral line shapes confirm that over and above the effects of selfreversal, line shape distortion are important in the analysis. The work discusses parameters describing selfabsorption when using fluence levels of 2 to 33 J/cm 2 to generate the plasma. Furthermore, subsidiary calibration efforts that utilize the hydrogen alpha line of the Balmer series show that the Ag I lines at 827.35 nm and 768.7 nm are optically thin.

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On the usefulness of a duplicating mirror to evaluate self-absorption effects in laser induced breakdown spectroscopy

Cited by 118 publications

References 35 publications

CSigma graphs: A new approach for plasma characterization in laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

CSigma graphs: A new approach for plasma characterization in laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS), Part I: Review of Basic Diagnostics and Plasma—Particle Interactions: Still-Challenging Issues within the Analytical Plasma Community

Self-Absorption Analysis of Silver Resonance Lines in Nano-Material Laser Produced Plasma

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