On the use of ionic liquids as mobile phase additives in high-performance liquid chromatography. A review

Preparation and evaluation of 2-methylimidazolium-functionalized silica as a mixed-mode stationary phase for hydrophilic interaction and anion-exchange chromatography

“…ILs have been widely used in two aspects in high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), which are either added in mobile phase as additives to shelter the adverse effect of residual silanols on separation of basic compounds [17][18][19] or bonded to stationary phases for chromatographic packing. Different with conventional stationary phases, ILs stationary phases can exhibit more interactions with solutes, including hydrophobic, -, electrostatic, hydrogen bonding and ion-dipole interactions [20], so it is very important for the development of mixed-mode chromatography.…”

The use of ionic liquid as a mobile phase modifier in analytical supercritical fluid chromatography for the separation of flavonoids

“…Due to their unique properties, including miscibility, wide liquid regions and favourable solvating properties for a range of polar and non-polar compounds, ILs had widespread applications in various analytical fields 9 , especially used as stationary phases in HPLC 10 , GC 11 , SFC 12 , and giving rise to use as mobile phase modifiers in HPLC 13 . Recently, the tuneable solvent systems composed of ILs and supercritical carbon dioxide have attracted increasingly attentions, since ILs could effectively modify the partitioning behaviour of organic compounds in supercritical fluids 14,15 , and even provide favourable functionalities due to molecular interactions.…”

Ionic liquid as a mobile phase additive in high‐performance liquid chromatography for the simultaneous determination of eleven fluorescent whitening agents in paper materials

“…In chromatographic analysis, ILs can be used as stationary phase in GC and HPLC, additive of mobile phase in HPLC and electrolyte solution in CE. Recently, a review has been published, which comments the use and interaction mechanism of ILs as additives of mobile phase in HPLC . ILs have been used as mobile phase additives in HPLC to separate alkaloids , anilines , amines , amino acids , antibiotics , antidepressants , β‐blockers , heterocyclic aromatic amines , mixtures of diverse drugs , proteins , and phenols , but its application in the analysis of FWAs has not been reported.…”

“…There are residual silanols on the surface of silica support of HPLC column, which may have an adverse effect on the separation efficiency for some compounds. It has been demonstrated that ILs effectively shield residual silanols and improved the peak profiles . In the presence of ILs, the chromatographic behavior is improved with regard to decreasing in peak tailing and reduction of band broadening and analysis time, with resolution enhancements.…”