On the use of industrial scraps for the treatment of zinc hydrometallurgical wastes by self-propagating reactions

Porcu, Martina; Orrù, Roberto; Cao, Giacomo

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2004.01.034

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In addition, regarding the employment of commercial additives (Fe 2 O 3 and Mg) to be mixed with the waste to make the reaction mixture self-propagating, it is worth noting that the possibility of totally or partially substituting them with analogous industrial scraps was recently demonstrated by considering different wastes. 32 Moreover, the proposed treatment can be carried out in a battery of small, easy-touse SHS reactors, as already proposed for the case of zinc hydrometallurgical wastes. 19,33 It should be noted that a combustion behavior, i.e., combustion temperature and front velocity, similar to that pertaining to the latter system has been found.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Propagating Reactions for Environmental Protection: Treatment of Wastes Containing Asbestos

Porcu

Orru

Cincotti

et al. 2004

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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A thermochemical process based on the occurrence of self-propagating reactions that is able to convert asbestos fibers into harmless, nonfibrous species is proposed. Specifically, a mixture consisting of a waste (containing about 85 wt % of chrysotile), ferric oxide, and magnesium is able, once locally ignited by a thermal source, to generate a self-propagating reaction that travels through the mixture without requiring additional energy. The process is accompanied by a dramatic change in the material from both the chemical and microstructural points of view. In addition, front velocity and maximum combustion temperature decrease as the amount of waste in the starting mixture increases, with the self-propagating character being maintained if the waste content is equal to or below 60 wt %. It is also observed that, when nonasbestos (nontoxic) materials, i.e., sepiolite and glass fibers, are used instead of the hazardous waste, the front velocity, combustion temperature, propagation limits, and apparent activation energies are found to be very similar to those observed in the case of asbestos.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Propagating Reactions for Environmental Protection: Treatment of Wastes Containing Asbestos

Porcu

Orru

Cincotti

et al. 2004

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…This reactive system can also be used for cutting and perforation of materials, to produce alumina liners in situ for pipes, as a portable heat source, as a high-temperature igniter, as a pyrotechnic heat producer and as an additive to propellants and explosives [1]. More recently, this system is being investigated in environmental protection processes [2], namely for the treatment and recycling of zinc hydrometallurgical wastes [3][4][5] and for ably pass through the vapor phase, and the particles of the mixture react primarily in that phase, so far as aluminum and oxygen are concerned, only returning to liquid and solid after their combination." The chemical composition and phases of the reaction products are mainly dependent on the reactants composition, reaction extent and cooling conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fe2O3/aluminum thermite reaction intermediate and final products characterization

Durães

Costa

Santos³

et al. 2007

Materials Science and Engineering: A

122

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Radial combustion experiments on Fe 2 O 3 /aluminum thermite thin circular samples were conducted. A stoichiometric (Fe 2 O 3 + 2Al) and four over aluminized mixtures were tested. The combustion products were characterized by X-ray diffraction and Mössbauer spectroscopy and the influence of Fe 2 O 3 /aluminum ratio on their composition was assessed. The main products were identified as alumina (␣-Al 2 O 3 ) and iron (Fe). A significant amount of hercynite (FeAl 2 O 4 ) was detected, decreasing with the aluminum excess in the reactants. Close to the sample/confinement interface, where reaction quenching occurs, a non-stoichiometric alumina (Al 2.667 O 4 ) was observed, being its XRD intensity correlated to the hercynite amount. Fe 3 Al intermetallic phase was found in the products of over aluminized mixtures. A reaction mechanism was proposed comprising: (i) Fe 2 O 3 reduction to Fe 3 O 4 and FeO; (ii) Al oxidation to Al 2 O 3 ; (iii) interaction of the remaining Al with Fe 3 O 4 and FeO with formation of iron-aluminates (hercynite) and iron; (iv) for the over aluminized mixtures, incorporation of Al into the iron-aluminates takes place with the formation of iron and alumina and, in parallel, Al reacts with iron to produce intermetallics.

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“…25 In addition, these reactions are utilized to solve certain environmental problems, such as treatment and recycling of municipal solid waste or by-products from the metal industry. 26,27 The theoretical adiabatic temperature of the Al/Fe 2 O 3 thermite reaction reaches 3622 K. 22 The Goldschmidt reaction is driven by the heat formation of Al 2 O 3 . The amount of heat released is usually sufficient to produce the metal (Fe) in a molten state.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermite-driven melamine condensation to C_xN_yH_z graphitic ternary polymers: towards an instant, large-scale synthesis of g-C₃N₄

2015

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On the use of industrial scraps for the treatment of zinc hydrometallurgical wastes by self-propagating reactions

Cited by 13 publications

References 11 publications

Self-Propagating Reactions for Environmental Protection: Treatment of Wastes Containing Asbestos

Self-Propagating Reactions for Environmental Protection: Treatment of Wastes Containing Asbestos

Fe2O3/aluminum thermite reaction intermediate and final products characterization

Thermite-driven melamine condensation to C_xN_yH_z graphitic ternary polymers: towards an instant, large-scale synthesis of g-C₃N₄

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On the use of industrial scraps for the treatment of zinc hydrometallurgical wastes by self-propagating reactions

Cited by 13 publications

References 11 publications

Self-Propagating Reactions for Environmental Protection: Treatment of Wastes Containing Asbestos

Self-Propagating Reactions for Environmental Protection: Treatment of Wastes Containing Asbestos

Fe2O3/aluminum thermite reaction intermediate and final products characterization

Thermite-driven melamine condensation to CxNyHz graphitic ternary polymers: towards an instant, large-scale synthesis of g-C3N4

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Thermite-driven melamine condensation to C_xN_yH_z graphitic ternary polymers: towards an instant, large-scale synthesis of g-C₃N₄