On the Use of Hydrological Models and Satellite Data to Study the Water Budget of River Basins Affected by Human Activities: Examples from the Garonne Basin of France

Martin, E.; Gascoin, Simon; Grusson, Youen; Murgue, Clément; Bardeau, Mélanie; Anctil, François; Ferrant, Sylvain; Lardy, Romain; Moigne, Patrick Le; Leenhardt, Delphine; Rivalland, Vincent; Sanchez-Perez, José-Miguel; Sauvage, Sabine; Thérond, Olivier

doi:10.1007/s10712-016-9366-2

Cited by 44 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…The river source is located in the Pyrénées Mountains (South of the basin, Figure 1) and outflows to the Atlantic Ocean via the Gironde estuary. The Garonne supports an agricultural activity that uses 70% of the total water uptake (mainly from surface waters) during low flow period (Sauquet et al, 2009;Martin et al, 2016). For more details on the Garonne basin, see Martin et al (2016).…”

Section: Study Domain and Methodology 21 Garonne River Basin Presenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Garonne supports an agricultural activity that uses 70% of the total water uptake (mainly from surface waters) during low flow period (Sauquet et al, 2009;Martin et al, 2016). For more details on the Garonne basin, see Martin et al (2016). Also, the 15 km reach of the Garonne just upstream of Lamagistère (from the upstream confluence, at Malause, to Lamagistère) has multiple man made hydraulic infrastructures along the river.…”

Section: Study Domain and Methodology 21 Garonne River Basin Presenmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Satellite radar altimetry water elevations performance over a 200 m wide river: Evaluation over the Garonne River

Biancamaria

Frappart

Leleu

et al. 2017

Advances in Space Research

105

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For at least 20 years, nadir altimetry satellite missions have been successfully used to first monitor the surface elevation of oceans and, shortly after, of large rivers and lakes. For the last 5-10 years, few studies have demonstrated the possibility to also observe smaller water bodies than previously thought feasible (river smaller than 500 m wide and lake below 10 km 2). The present study aims at quantifying the nadir altimetry performance over a medium river (200 m or lower wide) with a pluvio-nival regime in a temperate climate (the Garonne River, France). Three altimetry missions have been considered: ENVISAT (from 2002 to 2010), Jason-2 (from 2008 to 2014) and SARAL (from 2013 to 2014). Compared to nearby in situ gages, ENVISAT and Jason-2 observations over the lower Garonne River mainstream (110 km upstream of the estuary) have the smallest errors, with water elevation anomalies root mean square errors (RMSE) around 50 cm and 20 cm, respectively. The few ENVISAT upstream measurements have RMSE ranging from 80 cm to 160 cm. Over the estuary, ENVISAT and SARAL water elevation anomalies RMSE are around 30 cm and 10 cm, respectively. The most recent altimetry mission, SARAL, does not provide river elevation measurements for most satellite overflights of the river mainstream. The altimeter remains "locked" on the top of surrounding hilly areas and does not observe the steep-sided river valley, which could be 50 m to 100 m lower. This phenomenon is also observed, for fewer dates, on Jason-2 and ENVISAT measurements. In these cases, the measurement is not "erroneous", it just does not correspond to water elevation of the river that is covered by the satellite. ENVISAT is less prone to get "locked" on the top of the topography due to some differences in the instrument measurement parameters, trading lower accuracy for more useful measurements. Such problems are specific to continental surfaces (or near the coasts), but are not observed over the open oceans, which are flatter. To overcome this issue, an experimental instrument operating mode, called the DIODE/DEM tracking mode, has been developed by CNES (Centre National d"Etudes Spatiales) and has been tested during few Jason-2 cycles and during the first SARAL/AltiKA cycle. This 3 tracking mode "forces" the instrument to observe a target of interest, i.e. water bodies. The example of the Garonne River shows, for one SARAL ground track, the benefit of the DIODE/DEM tracking mode for a steep-sided river reach, which is not detected using the nominal instrument operating mode. Yet, this mode relies on ancillary datasets (a priori global DEM and global land/water mask), which are critical to obtain river valley observation. The ultimately computed elevations along the satellite tracks, loaded on board, should have an absolute vertical accuracy around 10 m (or better). This case also shows, when the instrument is correctly observing the river valley, that the altimeter can detect water bodies narrower than 100 m (like an artificial canal). In agreement with recent ...

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Section: Study Domain and Methodology 21 Garonne River Basin Presenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Domain and Methodology 21 Garonne River Basin Presenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Satellite radar altimetry water elevations performance over a 200 m wide river: Evaluation over the Garonne River

Biancamaria

Frappart

Leleu

et al. 2017

Advances in Space Research

105

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…They were used to compensate for the lack of a-priori spatial knowledge of the sowing date needed to simulate spatial crop growth and associated water and nitrogen transfers in a small experimental catchment. The spatial optimization of crop cover dynamics based on sowing date calibration had a non-negligible impact on predicted evapotranspiration and monthly discharge [29] and had a high impact on predicted nitrogen uptake by crops which consequently improved the prediction of nitrogen leaching in the river.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracting Soil Water Holding Capacity Parameters of a Distributed Agro-Hydrological Model from High Resolution Optical Satellite Observations Series

et al. 2016

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Sentinel-2 (S2) earth observation satellite mission, launched in 2015, is foreseen to promote within-field decisions in Precision Agriculture (PA) for both: (1) optimizing crop production; and (2) regulating environmental impacts. In this second scope, a set of Leaf Area Index (LAI) derived from S2 type time-series (2006-2010, using Formosat-2 satellite) is used to spatially constrain the within-field crop growth and the related nitrogen contamination of surface water simulated at a small experimental catchment scale with the distributed agro-hydrological model Topography Nitrogen Transfer and Transformation (TNT2). The Soil Water Holding Capacity (SWHC), represented by two parameters, soil depth and retention porosity, is used to fit the yearly maximum of LAI (LAX) at each pixel of the satellite image. Possible combinations of soil parameters, defining 154 realistic SWHC found on the study site are used to force spatially homogeneous SWHC. LAX simulated at the pixel level for the 154 SWHC, for each of the five years of the study period, are recorded and hereafter referred to as synthetic LAX. Optimal SWHC year_I,pixel_j , corresponding to minimal difference between observed and synthetic LAX year_I,pixel_j , is selected for each pixel, independent of the value at neighboring pixels. Each re-estimated soil maps are used to re-simulate LAX year_I . Results show that simulated and synthetic LAX year_I,allpixels obtained from SWHC year_I,allpixels are close and accurately fit the observed LAX year_I,allpixels (RMSE = 0.05 m 2 /m 2 to 0. SWHC can be derived from remote sensing series for one year. Unique SWHC solutions for each pixel that limit the LAX error for the five years to less than 0.2 m 2 /m 2 are found for only 10% of the pixels. Selection of unique soil parameters using multi-year LAX and neighborhood solution is expected to deliver more robust soil parameters solutions and need to be assessed further. The use of optical remote sensing series is then a promising calibration step to represent crop growth within crop field at catchment level. Nevertheless, this study discusses the model and data improvements that are needed to get realistic spatial representation of agro-hydrological processes simulated within catchments.

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“…Authors will find in a recent study an example of the use of this soil parameter together with the re-setting of agricultural practices to optimize crop productivity on LAI derived from remote sensing in an agro-hydrological model similar to SWAT (6,7). A recent study in Surveys in Geophysics discusses the benefit of remote sensing to assess the water budget in river basin affected by human activities (8). The content of these studies should be used to identify the limits of the present study and to discuss its results.…”

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confidence: 99%

nteractive comment on &#8220;Hydrological Modeling in an Ungauged Basin of Central Vietnam Using SWAT Model&#8221; by A. Rafiei Emam et al.

2016

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I have prepared this comment to start the interactive discussion in order to improve the lack of references cited in introduction regarding the modelling strategy that has been designed for studying the water resource management in this study. I will focus only on this methodological aspect, hoping that it will help authors to improve the introduction and method sections and initiate a discussion to assess the points raised by referee #1. The agro-hydrological SWAT model has been used everywhere in the world for various applications and is known to be robust in simulating discharge at watershed scales

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On the Use of Hydrological Models and Satellite Data to Study the Water Budget of River Basins Affected by Human Activities: Examples from the Garonne Basin of France

Cited by 44 publications

References 69 publications

Satellite radar altimetry water elevations performance over a 200 m wide river: Evaluation over the Garonne River

Satellite radar altimetry water elevations performance over a 200 m wide river: Evaluation over the Garonne River

Extracting Soil Water Holding Capacity Parameters of a Distributed Agro-Hydrological Model from High Resolution Optical Satellite Observations Series

nteractive comment on &#8220;Hydrological Modeling in an Ungauged Basin of Central Vietnam Using SWAT Model&#8221; by A. Rafiei Emam et al.

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On the Use of Hydrological Models and Satellite Data to Study the Water Budget of River Basins Affected by Human Activities: Examples from the Garonne Basin of France

Cited by 44 publications

References 69 publications

Satellite radar altimetry water elevations performance over a 200 m wide river: Evaluation over the Garonne River

Satellite radar altimetry water elevations performance over a 200 m wide river: Evaluation over the Garonne River

Extracting Soil Water Holding Capacity Parameters of a Distributed Agro-Hydrological Model from High Resolution Optical Satellite Observations Series

nteractive comment on &amp;#8220;Hydrological Modeling in an Ungauged Basin of Central Vietnam Using SWAT Model&amp;#8221; by A. Rafiei Emam et al.

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nteractive comment on “Hydrological Modeling in an Ungauged Basin of Central Vietnam Using SWAT Model” by A. Rafiei Emam et al.