On the use of herbarium specimens for morphological and anatomical research

Espinosa, Felipe; Castro, Myreya Pinedo

doi:10.1080/23818107.2018.1451775

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In addition, insects rarely attack bryophyte herbarium specimens. Together, these facts suggest that moss herbarium specimens do not significantly differ morphologically from their fresh counterparts (see also Espinosa & Pinedo Castro 2018). To validate this assumption, we performed t-tests on the mean area and phyllid length for species that include both fresh and herbarium specimens.…”

Section: Moss Samplesmentioning

confidence: 87%

Moss phyllid morphology varies systematically with substrate slope

Turberville¹,

Fuentes-González²,

Rogers³

et al. 2021

Pl. Ecol. Evol.

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Background and aims – Tracheophyte leaf morphology is well studied but it is unclear if the findings generalize to poikilohydric plants. We tested combinations of hypotheses to determine if microhabitat characteristics, including light exposure, moisture availability, and substrate slope, controlled for morphological differences between upright and prostrate growth forms, affect phyllid surface area and costa length of mosses.Material and methods – We quantified mean phyllid surface-area and costa lengths for four replicates of 38 moss species from Alabama. Phylogenetic comparative methods that model adaptation were used to evaluate the relative evidence for each hypothesis using information criteria. To further explore mechanistic explanations involving substrate slope, we tested whether mosses on vertical substrates differed from those on horizontal substrates in the average amount of water-retaining, nutrient-rich litter they accumulated.Key results – Substrate slope and growth form combined were the best predictors of phyllid surface area. Mosses growing on vertical substrates exhibited smaller phyllid surface area for both growth forms. Although growth form and phyllid length best explained costa length variation, a more complex model including substrate slope performed nearly as well. Within the prostrate growth forms, species growing on vertical substrates exhibit longer relative costa than those on horizontal substrates. We also estimated rapid rates of adaptation for both traits.Conclusion – The smaller phyllid surface area of both upright and prostrate growth forms is possibly an adaptive response to reduced habitat moisture-retention or nutrient quality that vertical substrates offer. The longer costa lengths of prostrate mosses growing on vertical surfaces relative to prostrate mosses on horizontal surfaces, possibly make up for the decreased ability of smaller phyllids to rapidly reabsorb water when it is available. Further work is required to determine if it is truly substrate slope itself that matters or other variables associated with the differences in slope, and to determine how general this phenomenon is.

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Section: Moss Samplesmentioning

confidence: 87%

Moss phyllid morphology varies systematically with substrate slope

Turberville¹,

Fuentes-González²,

Rogers³

et al. 2021

Pl. Ecol. Evol.

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“…MSNM3, MSNM6, UTV17, UTV18 and SS4, the glumes of some spikelets were narrower or broader, likely due to the different position in the panicle branches, rather than to alteration in pressing and drying procedures. Characters of spikelets and florets are more easily quantifiable in fresh than dried material, especially if they are extracted from the image analysis (Espinosa andPinedo Castro 2018, McAllister et al 2018). However, it is feasible in potted plants rather than wild plants, especially if they are ephemeral annuals.…”

Section: Herbarium Specimens As Repositories Of Useful Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative morphometry as a diagnostic tool applied to species delimitation in the genus Gastridium P. Beauv. (Poaceae)

Scoppola

Cancellieri

2019

Nordic Journal of Botany

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Based on critical examination of both fresh and dried specimens and a morphometric analysis of herbarium specimens we performed a comparative study of the three closely related Gastridium (Poaceae, Tribe: Poeae, Subtribe: Agrostidinae) species G. ventricosum, G. phleoides and G. scabrum collected in Italy. The study aimed to provide new diagnostic tools to improve the taxonomy of the genus and confirm species delimitation. Variation in floral morphology in the three species was explored using seven quantitative and ten qualitative characters measured on 318 spikelets, both awned and unawned. Statistical methods, including principal components analysis (PCA) and non‐metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS), were used. Numerical analyses showed a general distinctness of spikelets and florets, consistent with the three studied species, and revealed among and within species variation patterns in both spikelet types. Accordingly, the most informative quantitative characters appeared to be the width and length of glumes and the length of awns, useful to distinguish G. phleoides which has the narrowest glumes and longer awns than the other species, while G. scabrum has the widest glumes. The most informative qualitative characters appeared to be the presence/absence of thick hairs or minute tubercles on the upper side of the lemma. The autonomy of the three studied species was confirmed. The taxonomic significance of the results is briefly discussed, and notes on the species distribution are included. Some nomenclatural and taxonomic notes on G. scabrum, of which literature still showed evidence of a general unawareness, are provided.

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“…Un deuxième point relatif à la conservation est que les utilisations, qu'elles soient nouvelles ou anciennes, peuvent être invasives et/ou destructrices. Les effets de certaines utilisations sont bien connus, comme les prélèvements de tissus, le revêtement de structures avec de l'or pour la microscopie électronique à balayage, la préparation et le montage sur lames, l'insertion dans des résines, les colorations ( (Espinosa et Pinedo Castro 2018) ; Rouchon dans le chapitre 20). Mais d'autres utilisations ont des impacts plus subtils, invisibles à l'oeil nu, voire variables selon les organismes ou le type de structure.…”

Section: Bonne Conservation Et Bonnes Pratiquesunclassified

Les collections pour la recherche scientifique du XXIe siècle et au-delà

Pellens¹

2021

Les Collections Naturalistes Dans La Science Du XXIe Siècle

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Les collections permettent de répondre à des enjeux sociétaux et scientifiques actuels ; cela amène à questionner quel legs serait important pour la science du futur. Non seulement de bonnes pratiques de conservation doivent être suivies mais l’association d’informations d’histoire naturelle avec le spécimen, qu’elles soient notées ou captées, sera le plus bel héritage de notre génération aux scientifiques du futur.

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On the use of herbarium specimens for morphological and anatomical research

Cited by 14 publications

References 24 publications

Moss phyllid morphology varies systematically with substrate slope

Moss phyllid morphology varies systematically with substrate slope

Comparative morphometry as a diagnostic tool applied to species delimitation in the genus Gastridium P. Beauv. (Poaceae)

Les collections pour la recherche scientifique du XXIe siècle et au-delà

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