On the use of a linear microphone array to measure wind turbine aerodynamic noise

Genescà, M.; Garbí, Jordi Romeu; Pàmies, Teresa; Solé, J.

doi:10.1002/we.528

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(27 reference statements)

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“…It has many applications such as for high-speed train [37], flying aircraft [38 -39] and wind turbine [7,8,10,12,40,41], etc.. A microphone array is composed of a number of microphones, the phase and amplitude of acoustic signal received by each microphone may be different due to their different distance from noise sources. Then the difference of phase and amplitude can be employed by some post processing algorithm to locate the positions of noise sources.…”

Section: Detection Of Noise Sources By Microphones Array Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

Research status on aero-acoustic noise from wind turbine blades

Yang

2013

IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng.

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Abstract. This paper describes the noise mechanisms and categories of modern large wind turbine and main noise sources. Then the latest progresses in wind turbine noise researches are described from three aspects: noise prediction model, detection of noise sources by microphone array technique and methods for noise reduction. Although the turbine is restricted to horizontal axis wind turbines, the noise prediction model and reduction methods also can be applied to other turbines when the noise mechanisms are similar. Microphone array technique can be applied to locate any kind of noise sources.

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Section: Detection Of Noise Sources By Microphones Array Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

Research status on aero-acoustic noise from wind turbine blades

Yang

2013

IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng.

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“…An airfoil cross-sectional analysis of the blade trailing edge with and without a 3 mm gap crack defect successfully explained that blade trailing edge cracking is the cause of the accompanying acoustically sharp "whistling sound". Genescà et al [130] analyzed the differences between the noise signals of rotor blades with three different surface treatments using a linear microphone array. They found that the blade surface shedding sound pressure level was the highest.…”

Section: Introduction Of Wind Power Blade Aerodynamic Noisementioning

confidence: 99%

Acoustic-Signal-Based Damage Detection of Wind Turbine Blades—A Review

Ding

Chao

Zhang

2023

Sensors

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Monitoring and maintaining the health of wind turbine blades has long been one of the challenges facing the global wind energy industry. Detecting damage to a wind turbine blade is important for planning blade repair, avoiding aggravated blade damage, and extending the sustainability of blade operation. This paper firstly introduces the existing wind turbine blade detection methods and reviews the research progress and trends of monitoring of wind turbine composite blades based on acoustic signals. Compared with other blade damage detection technologies, acoustic emission (AE) signal detection technology has the advantage of time lead. It presents the potential to detect leaf damage by detecting the presence of cracks and growth failures and can also be used to determine the location of leaf damage sources. The detection technology based on the blade aerodynamic noise signal has the potential of blade damage detection, as well as the advantages of convenient sensor installation and real-time and remote signal acquisition. Therefore, this paper focuses on the review and analysis of wind power blade structural integrity detection and damage source location technology based on acoustic signals, as well as the automatic detection and classification method of wind power blade failure mechanisms combined with machine learning algorithm. In addition to providing a reference for understanding wind power health detection methods based on AE signals and aerodynamic noise signals, this paper also points out the development trend and prospects of blade damage detection technology. It has important reference value for the practical application of non-destructive, remote, and real-time monitoring of wind power blades.

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“…Broadband aerodynamic blade noise is the dominant noise source of modern large‐scale wind turbines. Wind turbine noise (WTN) measurements using a linear microphone array outdoors have shown that the noise is mainly generated when the blades go downward and in the outer 25% of the blade span . Therefore, a number of research studies have been dedicated to the design and testing of highly efficient and low‐noise airfoils for wind turbine applications .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Broadband aerodynamic blade noise is responsible for the amplitude modulation (AM) observed mainly in large turbines, that is, a pulsating broadband sound . This AM, commonly referred to as ‘swishing’, ‘whooshing’ or ‘pulsating’ noise, is currently considered to be the main cause of annoyance for residents living near wind farms .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indoor simulation of amplitude modulated wind turbine noise

2016

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Wind energy is the world's fastest-growing renewable energy source; as a result, the number of people exposed to wind farm noise is increasing. Because of its broadband amplitude-modulated characteristic, wind turbine noise (WTN) is more annoying than noise produced by other common community/industrial sources. As higher frequencies are attenuated by air absorption and building transmission, the noise from modern large wind farms is mainly below 1000 and 500 Hz for outdoor and indoor conditions, respectively. Many WTN complaints relate to indoor, nighttime conditions when background noise levels are lower. As recently reported, indoor noise has the potential to cause sleeping disorders. Studies on human response to amplitude modulated WTN have been mainly focused on the outdoors, where a large amount of measured data exists. This is not the case for indoors, where it is much harder to gather data. Hence, there is a need to understand the transmission of WTN into dwellings and to develop indoor annoyance metrics. In this article, we investigate the transmission of WTN into residential-type structures. Using an outdoor WTN recording and structures with different properties/ configurations, we made a series of computer simulations for indoor noise predictions and assessed the results employing several widely used metrics for WTN, for example, spectral content, modulation depth and overall levels. In general, the indoor noise levels are higher, and the average modulation depth is similar to those of outdoor recordings. In addition, there is a significant change in the spectral shape. These results could potentially explain indoor WTN annoyance. 507predicted from propagation models based on ray tracing that simulates the ground and air effects. 7 In addition, the effect of resonant conditions in modern large-scale wind turbines has recently been studied by Tibaldi et al., 8 who reported that aeroelastic modes might be excited, depending upon the wind turbine operational external excitations.Broadband aerodynamic blade noise is responsible for the amplitude modulation (AM) observed mainly in large turbines, that is, a pulsating broadband sound. 2,3,9 This AM, commonly referred to as 'swishing', 'whooshing' or 'pulsating' noise, is currently considered to be the main cause of annoyance for residents living near wind farms. 10,11 Recently, infrasound from wind turbines has also received significant attention. 11,12 However, the generation of this noise component is not well understood and cannot easily be quantified, since a limited number of conclusive measurements are available.Turbines are not typically as loud as other sources of industrial or transportation noise at a similar distance. The AM characteristic is what makes WTN more annoying than other types of noises at the same sound pressure level (SPL). Very quiet rural communities that lack the masking of nighttime traffic noise are particularly affected. AM noise is perceived as more annoying than a constant amplitude sound containing the same spectrum and averag...

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On the use of a linear microphone array to measure wind turbine aerodynamic noise

Cited by 5 publications

References 23 publications

Research status on aero-acoustic noise from wind turbine blades

Research status on aero-acoustic noise from wind turbine blades

Acoustic-Signal-Based Damage Detection of Wind Turbine Blades—A Review

Indoor simulation of amplitude modulated wind turbine noise

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