On the usability of Bluetooth in V2I based communications for extended infrastructure support

Iordache, Valentin; Gheorghiu, Răzvan Andrei; Minea, Marius

doi:10.1109/telsks.2017.8246282

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Given the emergency situation caused by the Covid-19, and the mobility restrictions in which it has been necessary to work in the time planned for these tests, it was not possible to have a scenario where the range could be tested better, limiting these tests to the 300 meters available, enough for I2V applications [15]. In this type of applications, the typical payload goes from 240 bits [9] to a range between 256 and 1024 bits [8,15] (between 30 and 128 bytes). This represents no more than 128 bytes.…”

Section: Testbed and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, with Bluetooth 5.0 the range of communications is much higher, and there are connectionless applications where it is not necessary to complete the process of establishing a connection, but only to disseminate information, which makes this technology feasible for this type of application [5] [6]. The use of Bluetooth Communications as an I2V communications network has been analyzed in different scenarios, using Bluetooth 4.0 and connection-based communication [8]. In [9], Bluetooth 4.0 and Zigbee are compared for this type of applications, highlighting the greater stability of Zigbee, although it is a much less widespread technology than Bluetooth, with a lower range and speed [10].…”

Section: Imentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Feasability of Bluetooth 5.0 connectionless communications for I2V applications

Ortiz

Silvestre-Blanes

Sempere-Payá

et al. 2020

2020 25th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)

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Vehicle communications are one of the pillars of the development of Intelligent Transport Systems. This is a complex scenario, where several types of entities interact with each other, using a range of communication infrastructure. In this area there are several applicable technologies, with different advantages and disadvantages. Therefore, flexible and ubiquitous communication, capable of using any communication type, will allow Smart vehicles to use the most appropriate one to improve traffic movement systems. Although the use of Bluetooth has been considered in this field, it has normally been done in intra-vehicle communications, or if it has been done outside this field, for inter-vehicle communications, it has been done based on standard 4.2 or earlier versions. The Bluetooth BLE 5.0 standard has features that allow the use of this technology in previously unimaginable scenarios; in particular, the increase in range, and greater robustness in communications allowing the analysis of its use as an infrastructure to vehicle network. The preliminary results obtained demonstrate this viability and the potential of this technology in this field.

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Section: Testbed and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasability of Bluetooth 5.0 connectionless communications for I2V applications

Ortiz

Silvestre-Blanes

Sempere-Payá

et al. 2020

2020 25th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)

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“…The objective of the first tests, presented in [12], was to evaluate the performance of the protocol with the improvements introduced in version 5.x and to test its effectiveness in open environments, as well as to study the capacity of the advertisement mode to send useful application-level messages based on recommendations (range of 240 and 1024 bits (from 30 to 128 bytes)) [18,19]. The performance of these tests gave verification of very acceptable PDR (Packet Delivery Ratio) percentages up to 250 m distance, although, in the case of large messages of the application layer, a high fragmentation of these means that at these distances it is not possible to recompose more than 6% of the messages, even with LE_CODED coding.…”

Section: Scenarios and Test Configurationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, unlike classic Bluetooth, the emergence of BLE, offering much wider communication range and the possibility of implementing information broadcasting applications (where it is not necessary to complete the process of establishing a connection pair), enables this technology in these types of applications [15,16]. From this point of view, the use of BLE as an I2V communication network has been analysed in different scenarios, using its 4.0 version but in a connection-based communication mode [18]. The work in [19] compares BLE 4.0 and Zigbee for this type of application, indicating the greater stability and robustness of Zigbee but highlighting that it is a much less widespread technology with a much shorter range and speed than BLE [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Application of Bluetooth Low Energy Connectionless in Smart Cities

2021

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Communication networks are a key element in the development of Smart Cities. This field is a constantly evolving environment, for which new protocols are constantly appearing. Due to the heterogeneous nature of the technologies, the most appropriate candidate must be selected in order to get the best performance to satisfy the application requirements. One of these protocols is Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), particularly with the upgrades introduced in version 5.x. Its new features are focused on providing increased range, improving robustness, and expanding beaconing capabilities. Connectionless applications such as information broadcasting in Smart Cities could take advantage of this protocol. Furthermore, the wide availability on common devices (mobile phones, car infotainment, etc.), the deployment of these applications can be carried out easily and at low cost. This paper presents an experimental evaluation of the new robust, long-range radio mode of BLE over a set of Smart Cities scenarios, taking into account different conditions such as wireless interference, distances, dynamicity, etc. The results show a promising performance of the protocol even with these constraints.

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“…V2I communications mainly concern data exchange between smart vehicles and the infrastructure via wireless networks, in particular through standards such as IEEE 1609 WAVE and IEEE 802.11p, with objectives of safety and traffic efficiency. Different wireless solutions based on LTE have been explored [2], or even Bluetooth in [1]. Several articles are available in literature comparing LTE based solutions to IEEE 802.11p standard [2]- [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proof of Concept of Vehicle to Infrastructure Power Line Communication Link for Tramway CCTV

Belhassen¹,

Verney²

2021

IEEE Intell. Transport. Syst. Mag.

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In the Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) context, the issue of broadband connected trains presents a number of technical and economic problems. Such broadband links would be benefit for both passengers and security needs. Several technical solutions are available, in particular wireless ones like Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments (WAVE), Long Term Evolution (LTE) or 5G, but we explore here the feasibility of achieving this connectivity, dedicated to trams security application, via Broadband over Power Lines (BPL) technology through tramway power supply cables. In this paper we investigate the possibility of connecting a tramway to its security command post in order to transmit real time video streams through BPL. The Proof of Concept (PoC) is presented through the characterization of the channel, the performances of the physical layer, the measurement of available Round Trip Times (RTTs) and bit rates. Then we demonstrate in real-world a streaming of Closed Circuit TV (CCTV) from two tramway embedded cameras to the security command post. The PoC was carried out on the tramway infrastructure of the city of Lyon. Through this PoC, we have demonstrated the possibility of equipping a complete commercial line with BPL guaranteeing a bit rate of 60 Mega-Bytes per Second (Mb/S) and presented a deployment projection of the BPL solution for dynamic context (moving tram), based on Power-Line Communication (PLC).

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On the usability of Bluetooth in V2I based communications for extended infrastructure support

Cited by 4 publications

References 9 publications

Feasability of Bluetooth 5.0 connectionless communications for I2V applications

Feasability of Bluetooth 5.0 connectionless communications for I2V applications

Experimental Application of Bluetooth Low Energy Connectionless in Smart Cities

Proof of Concept of Vehicle to Infrastructure Power Line Communication Link for Tramway CCTV

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