On the transport of intensity technique for phase retrieval

Beleggia, Marco; Schofield, M. A.; Volkov, V. V.; Zhu, Yimei

doi:10.1016/j.ultramic.2004.08.004

Cited by 137 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Its experimental simplicity makes it amenable to existing microscopes in optical [1][2][3][4][5][6], x-ray [7,8], and electron [9][10][11] imaging. Subwavelength phase accuracy and real-time processing [12] are routinely achieved and errors can be reduced with multiple images [5,13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transport of intensity phase imaging in the presence of curl effects induced by strongly absorbing photomasks

et al. 2014

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We report theoretical and experimental results for imaging of electromagnetic phase edge effects in lithography photomasks. Our method starts from the transport of intensity equation (TIE), which solves for phase from through-focus intensity images. Traditional TIE algorithms make an implicit assumption that the underlying in-plane power flow is curl-free. Motivated by our current study, we describe a practical situation in which this assumption breaks down. Strong absorption gradients in mask features interact with phase edges to contribute a curl to the in-plane Poynting vector, causing severe artifacts in the phase recovered. We derive how curl effects are coupled into intensity measurements and propose an iterative algorithm that not only corrects the artifacts, but also recovers missing curl components.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transport of intensity phase imaging in the presence of curl effects induced by strongly absorbing photomasks

et al. 2014

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“…An extension of this method [3] involves altering the phase of the reference beam in order to extract the holographic data in a method akin to that used in phase-shifting DH [4]. Under specific conditions, the transport of intensity equation (TIE) [5,6] can be applied to in-line DH to minimize the effects due to the twin image. Recently it has been shown that, by Fresnel propagating the difference of two such holograms, recorded at two displaced planes, the resultant reconstruction is the second-order spatial differentiation or Laplacian of the reconstructed object wave field [7,8].…”

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confidence: 99%

Dual wavelength digital holographic Laplacian reconstruction

Ryle

Sheridan

2010

Opt. Lett.

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“…[17][18][19][20][21] The technique of transport of intensity is valid only for weak defocus and reduces to a differential equation for field propagation. 22,23 This method is interesting for partially coherent illumination such as given by broadband polychromatic sources. For thick samples, three-dimensional computation is required.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diffraction phase microscopy: retrieving phase contours on living cells with a wavelet-based space-scale analysis

et al. 2014

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Abstract. We propose a two-dimensional (2-D) space-scale analysis of fringe patterns collected from a diffraction phase microscope based on the 2-D Morlet wavelet transform. We show that the adaptation of a ridge detection method with anisotropic 2-D Morlet mother wavelets is more efficient for analyzing cellular and high refractive index contrast objects than Fourier filtering methods since it can separate phase from intensity modulations. We compare the performance of this ridge detection method on theoretical and experimental images of polymer microbeads and experimental images collected from living myoblasts. © The Authors.Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. Distribution or reproduction of this work in whole or in part requires full attribution of the original publication, including its DOI.

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On the transport of intensity technique for phase retrieval

Cited by 137 publications

References 24 publications

Transport of intensity phase imaging in the presence of curl effects induced by strongly absorbing photomasks

Transport of intensity phase imaging in the presence of curl effects induced by strongly absorbing photomasks

Dual wavelength digital holographic Laplacian reconstruction

Diffraction phase microscopy: retrieving phase contours on living cells with a wavelet-based space-scale analysis

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