Multi-layered plate and shell structures play an important role in many engineering settings where, for instance, coated pipes are commonplace such as the petrochemical, aerospace, and power generation industries. There are numerous demands, and indeed requirements, on Non Destructive Evaluation (NDE) to detect defects or to measure material properties, using guided waves; to choose the most suitable inspection approach, it is essential to know the properties of the guided wave solutions for any given multi-layered system and this requires dispersion curves computed reliably, robustly and accurately.Here we elucidate the circumstances, and possible layer combinations, under which guided wave solutions, in multi-layered systems composed of generally anisotropic layers in flat and cylindrical geometries, have specific properties of coupling and parity; we utilise the partial wave decomposition of the wave field to unravel the behaviour. We introduce a classification into five families and claim that this is the fundamental way to approach generally anisotropic waveguides.This coupling and parity provides information to be used in the design of more efficient and robust dispersion curve tracing algorithms. A critical benefit is that the analysis enables the separation of solutions into categories for which dispersion curves do not cross; this allows the curves to be calculated simply and without ambiguity.