On the theory of simple $\Gamma $-rings.

Generalized (U, M)-derivations of completely semiprime r-rings

“…Rahman and Paul (2014) The concept of a -ring was first introduced by Nobusawa (1964) and afterwards it was generalized by Barnes (1966). Many properties of -rings were obtained by Barnes (1966), Kyuno (1978), Luh (1969) and others.…”

Simple Gamma Rings With Involutions.

“…Barnes [1] generalized the concept of the Nobusawa's gamma ring which is known as a gamma ring and Nobusawa's gamma ring is known as  N -ring (i.e. gamma ring in the sense of Nobusawa) L. Luh [5] worked on simple gamma rings and obtained some important properties. I. N. Herstein [3,4] obtained various characterizations of simple rings with involution and also developed some structural results of Lie and Jordan rings.…”

On derivations of prime and semi-prime Gamma rings

“…Barnes [2] weakened slightly the conditions in the definition of Γ-ring in the sense of Nobusawa. Barnes [2], Luh [9] and Kyuno [8] studied the structure of Γ-rings and obtained various generalizations analogous to corresponding parts in ring theory. Since then, some papers have been published on the topic of Γ-rings [1,5,7,10,12].…”