“…From the impact test stress waveform and energy dissipation calculation equations (2) and 3, the incident energy, reflected energy, transmitted energy, and absorbed energy in the process of crushing granite with the oneshaped tool, spherical tool, and cruciform tool can be calculated, respectively. e curves of incident energy and absorbed energy of different tools under different impact loads are shown in Figure 5.…”
Section: Analysis Of Experimental Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…e process from microscopic damage to macroscopic fracture is a response of energy dissipation [1]. ere are many researches on the mechanical properties of rock under impact loading [2,3]. Li et al used a conical pick to perform true triaxial hard rock fracture experiments on cube rock specimens of different sizes [4][5][6].…”
Three different tools for rock breaking were designed and fabricated. Impact crushing tests were conducted on granite samples with an identical impact velocity by using the variable section Split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) test device. In the test, the incident energy, absorbed energy, and cumulative energy values of acoustic emission during the process of rock breaking were collected, and energy utilization efficiency was used as a measure of the energy consumption characteristics for three different tools breaking rock. Experimental results showed that the cruciform tool has the best performance with respect to the energy utilization efficiency, followed by the one-shaped tool and the spherical tool. The cumulative energy values of the acoustic emission of different tools follow the same regularity.
“…From the impact test stress waveform and energy dissipation calculation equations (2) and 3, the incident energy, reflected energy, transmitted energy, and absorbed energy in the process of crushing granite with the oneshaped tool, spherical tool, and cruciform tool can be calculated, respectively. e curves of incident energy and absorbed energy of different tools under different impact loads are shown in Figure 5.…”
Section: Analysis Of Experimental Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…e process from microscopic damage to macroscopic fracture is a response of energy dissipation [1]. ere are many researches on the mechanical properties of rock under impact loading [2,3]. Li et al used a conical pick to perform true triaxial hard rock fracture experiments on cube rock specimens of different sizes [4][5][6].…”
Three different tools for rock breaking were designed and fabricated. Impact crushing tests were conducted on granite samples with an identical impact velocity by using the variable section Split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) test device. In the test, the incident energy, absorbed energy, and cumulative energy values of acoustic emission during the process of rock breaking were collected, and energy utilization efficiency was used as a measure of the energy consumption characteristics for three different tools breaking rock. Experimental results showed that the cruciform tool has the best performance with respect to the energy utilization efficiency, followed by the one-shaped tool and the spherical tool. The cumulative energy values of the acoustic emission of different tools follow the same regularity.
“…On the basis of the laboratory results for the mechanical properties of rock and RBB, the parameters employed in the model have been determined. Moreover, some trial model tests have been carried out and the mechanical parameters are adjusted in reference to the in-situ measurement on the displacement [7,[28][29][30][31]. The final rock strata property parameters in the numerical model are shown in Table 1.…”
Taking gob-side entry retaining with large mining height (GER-LMH) of the 4211 panel in the Liujiazhuang coal mine as the engineering background, a numerical simulation was conducted to study the surrounding rock deformation, stress, and plastic zone distribution of GER-LMH with respect to retained entry width. The concept of critical retained entry width of GER-LMH was proposed. In view of the deformation characteristics of surrounding rock, an innovative approach to determine the critical width of GER-LMH based on the cusp catastrophe theory was proposed. The cusp catastrophe functions were set up by approximate roadside backfill body rib convergence and roof subsidence series with respect to different retained entry widths. The critical retained entry width of GER-LMH was 4.0 m according to bifurcation set equations. Surrounding rock stability control principle and technique of GER-LMH was proposed, including ârib strengthening and roof controlâ: road-in support with high pre-stress rockbolts and anchor cables, roadside backfill body construction technology with high-water quick consolidated filling materials and counter-pulled rockbolt, road-in reinforced support technology with hydraulic prop support and roof master. Field test and field monitoring results show that GER-LMH with supercritical retained entry width in the 4211 panel could meet the requirements for ventilation when the 4211 panel was retreating.
“…The interfacial tracing method had been applied on calculating the freezing and thawing problem of rock (Shen et al, 2016) which solve the heat transfer of melting process of rock. The strength of the rock and CPB were studied by many researchers (Zhao et al, 2016;Lin et al, 2019b,c;Wu et al, 2019;Liu et al, 2020), especially, the case of CPB with ice slag (Liu et al, 2019b). From the experimental researches, the CPB with ice slag was strengthened under proper ratio which proved the feasibility from the aspect of strength.…”
As high mine-cooling costs have become a restriction for deep mining, a new cooling method has been proposed. In the area of filling mining, the CPB (cemented paste backfill) was given the cooling function by mixing it with phase change material (PCM). In deep mines, the PCM (e.g., ice particles) absorb heat and change phases to cool the surrounding environment. A deep-mine-cooling mode based on the new CPB and upward sublevel filling method was designed, and the characteristics of the phase change were analyzed by numerical simulation. From the simulation results of the cooling period, this cooling method was effective during the whole stopes mining period. The CLS (cold load and storage) CPB mass concentration and the PCM initial proportion are the important factors controlling the cooling effect. It is concluded that the phase change duration decreased with the increasing mass concentration, while it increased with the increasing initial proportion of ice to water. Note that the thickness of CLSfunctional CPB should be as small as possible to ensure the cold release rate. This study provides a theoretical foundation of heat transfer for the design and implementation of deep mine cooling by applying CLS-functional CPB. Keywords: mine cooling, cold load and storage, mass concentration, proportion of ice to water, heat transfer HIGHLIGHTS -The phase change of CLS functional CPB in deep mines was investigated numerically. -The heat conduction model compound with hydration-porous-enthalpy model was applied. -The phase change and heat transfer law of CLS functional CPB was investigated. -The main influencing factors were analyzed and suggestions for engineering were presented.
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