On the synthesis and characterisation of luminescent hybrid particles: Mo₆metal cluster complex/SiO₂

Abstract

Photophysical properties of Mo6 cluster-doped silica particles.

Cellular internalisation, bioimaging and dark and photodynamic cytotoxicity of silica nanoparticles doped by {Mo6I8}4+ metal clusters

“…Most of them are either insoluble in water or, after being dissolved in water, they hydrolyse forming insoluble products. 35 Although the cluster loading in the particles is quite low, the particles demonstrate decent PLQY values (0.12 and 0.03, respectively) and the relatively good efficiencies of singlet oxygen generation. The necessary water solubility could be achieved by ligation of the {Mo 6 X 8 } 4+ -cluster core with hydrophilic ligands, in analogy to hexarhenium cluster complexes.…”

“…biolabeling and diagnostic bioimaging), therapeutic (PDT agents) and even combined diagnostic and therapeutic (theranostic) applications. 5,24,34,35 Despite the significant progress made in development of PS and SiO 2 supported metal cluster complexes, biological properties were not sufficiently studied for any of the above materials apart from cytotoxicity of {Mo 6 I 8 }@PS-SH, which demonstrated the low toxicity on Hep-2 human epidermoid larynx carcinoma, 26 and Cs 2 [{Mo 6 Br 8 }Br 6 ]@SiO 2 , which showed moderate toxicity to Caco-2 gut epithelial cells and MRC-5 lung fibroblasts. Most of them are either insoluble in water or, after being dissolved in water, they hydrolyse forming insoluble products.…”

“…Both the poor water solubility and the susceptibility to hydrolysis hinder the application of molybdenum metal cluster complexes within a physiological environment. 35 The particles also have optimal size of 50 nm and shape for biological studies. 23,[28][29][30][31][32][33] Indeed, this approach was successfully realised with the use of inorganic hydrophilic ligands NCS − and N 3 − .…”

Embedding hexanuclear tantalum bromide cluster {Ta6Br12} into SiO2 nanoparticles by reverse microemulsion method

“…have been successfully prepared [35, 36, 37, 38, 39]. Most recently, the SiO 2 -based nanocomposites consisting of Mo 6 and Re 6 clusters have also been successfully prepared [40, 41, 42, 43, 44]. It was demonstrated that these hexanuclear metal halide cluster units can maintain their discrete distribution in SiO 2 nanoparticles and show considerably high stability [41].…”

Complexes of {W6I8}4+ Clusters with Carboxylates: Preparation, Electrochemistry, and Luminescence

“…Octahedral halide cluster complexes of Mo II and W II , [{M 6 (µ 3 ‐X) 8 }L 6 ] (M = Mo or W; X = Cl, Br or I; L = neutral or anionic ligands), are chemically robust constructions with outstanding photophysical properties; therefore, they are potentially useful for various applications . The most studied are the derivatives of molybdenum chloride and bromide (M = Mo; X = Cl, Br).…”