On the Suitability of Multicore Fiber for LTE–Advanced MIMO Optical Fronthaul Systems

Morant, María; Macho, Andrés; Llorente, Roberto

doi:10.1109/jlt.2015.2507137

Cited by 38 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…We start by analyzing the coupled wave equations of an anisotropic and nonlinear SM-MCF. Considering monochromatic electric fields with both orthogonal polarizations and slowly varying amplitude functions, the real wave function of the global electric field (Ɛ), the linear polarization (Ƥ (1) ) and the nonlinear polarization (Ƥ (3) ) of a weakly guiding MCF can be written as [24][25][26]:…”

Section: Nonlinear Coupled Wave Equationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where Ei,ω0, Pi,ω0 (1) and Pi,ω0 (3) are the complex amplitudes, ω0 is the angular frequency of the optical carrier and c.c. are the complex conjugate terms.…”

Section: Nonlinear Coupled Wave Equationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Space-division multiplexing (SDM) using single-mode multi-core fibers (SM-MCFs) has attracted much attention over the last years to provide large fiber transmission capacity in backbone and access optical networks [1][2][3]. However, advanced SDM transmissions in polarization multiplexing SM-MCF systems should deal with the intra-and inter-core crosstalk impairment, which presents both a spatial and temporal stochastic nature induced by different effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Birefringence effects in multi-core fiber: coupled local-mode theory

Macho¹,

García-Meca²,

Fraile-Peláez³

et al. 2016

Opt. Express

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Abstract:In this paper, we evaluate experimentally and model theoretically the intra-and inter-core crosstalk between the polarized core modes in single-mode multi-core fiber media including temporal and longitudinal birefringent effects. Specifically, extensive experimental results on a four-core fiber indicate that the temporal fluctuation of fiber birefringence modifies the intra-and inter-core crosstalk behavior in both linear and nonlinear optical power regimes. To gain theoretical insight into the experimental results, we introduce an accurate multi-core fiber model based on local modes and perturbation theory, which is derived from the Maxwell equations including both longitudinal and temporal birefringent effects. Numerical calculations based on the developed theory are found to be in good agreement with the experimental data.

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Section: Nonlinear Coupled Wave Equationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where Ei,ω0, Pi,ω0 (1) and Pi,ω0 (3) are the complex amplitudes, ω0 is the angular frequency of the optical carrier and c.c. are the complex conjugate terms.…”

Section: Nonlinear Coupled Wave Equationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Birefringence effects in multi-core fiber: coupled local-mode theory

Macho¹,

García-Meca²,

Fraile-Peláez³

et al. 2016

Opt. Express

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Space-division multiplexing (SDM) systems based on multicore fibers (MCFs) have been recently proposed for access networks [1], radio-over-fiber [2,3], long-haul networks [4] and intra data centers communications [5]. These systems may be developed using homogeneous MCFs, as they are simple to fabricate and can offer some system advantages such as use of spatial super channels, simplified digital signal processing or switching [6], or heterogeneous MCFs that are characterized by lower intercore crosstalk (ICXT) levels and also support large transmission throughput [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intercore crosstalk in direct-detection homogeneous multicore fiber systems impaired by laser phase noise

et al. 2017

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Abstract:The impact of the laser phase noise on the photodetected intercore crosstalk and performance of direct-detection orthogonal frequency division multiplexing multicore fiber systems is experimentally investigated. A new solution to overcome the performance fluctuations over time induced by the combined effect of laser phaser noise and intercore crosstalk is proposed. The solution uses adaptive modulation with extended time memory to estimate the bit loading scheme of each subcarrier from the mean and maximum error vector magnitude evaluated over the last ten blocks of transmitted training symbols. During measurements of up to 90 hours, intercore crosstalk power variation induced by fast laser phase noise variations exceeded 20 dB in both time and frequency, and error vector magnitude fluctuations of 4 dB were observed on a sub-second timescale. It is shown that direct-detection orthogonal frequency division multiplexing multicore fiber based systems employing a typical adaptive modulation solution, in which the bit loading scheme is evaluated from a single set of training symbols, suffer from unacceptable outage probabilities and are unable to counteract the fast power variations of intercore crosstalk and phase noise induced impairments. By extending the system memory used to estimate the bit loading scheme employed by the adaptive technique, an outage probability reduction by one order of magnitude is achieved. This reduction is attained by using the mean of the error vector magnitude evaluated over the last ten blocks of training symbols to estimate the bit loading scheme of subcarriers. Further reduction of the outage probability by four orders of magnitude is also demonstrated using a more conservative approach to estimate the bit loading scheme of the subcarriers. However, this conservative approach, based on the maximum error vector magnitude, may lead to additional loss of the average throughput.

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“…MCF has been acknowledged because of its high space efficiency, especially in large optical connection demand scenarios. More recently, the suitability of SDM in MCF was evaluated for long term evolution (LTE)-advanced optical fronthaul systems in 4-core MCF [7,8] . The work demonstrated a full-duplex 2 × 2 LTE-MIMO system and discussed the crosstalk penalty caused by the bending radius and the impact of same or counter-propagations in fiber-transmission-only environments.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Full-duplex transmission of IEEE 802.11ac-compliant MIMO WLAN signals over a 2-km 7-core fiber

Fan

Lei

et al. 2017

Chin. Opt. Lett.

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In this Letter, we experimentally demonstrate a full-duplex transmission system of IEEE 802.11ac-compliant multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) signals over a 2-km 7-core fiber for in-building wireless local-area network (WLAN) distributed antenna systems. For full-duplex 3 × 3 MIMO demonstration, the crosstalk impacts of both fiber-transmission-only and optic-wireless transmission situation are evaluated. The results indicate that the impact of crosstalk on radio-over-fiber (ROF) link performance is not significant and the quality of the cascaded multi-core fiber and wireless channel is mainly determined by the wireless part. To further improve the system capacity, polarization multiplexing (PolMux) technology is employed to achieve a full-duplex 6 × 6 MIMO over a single 7-core fiber. Although employing the PolMux method will slightly decrease the EVM and condition number performance as opposed to a non-PolMux MCF system, it is still a competitive solution in large optical connection demand scenarios that require a low cost.

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On the Suitability of Multicore Fiber for LTE–Advanced MIMO Optical Fronthaul Systems

Cited by 38 publications

References 14 publications

Birefringence effects in multi-core fiber: coupled local-mode theory

Birefringence effects in multi-core fiber: coupled local-mode theory

Intercore crosstalk in direct-detection homogeneous multicore fiber systems impaired by laser phase noise

Full-duplex transmission of IEEE 802.11ac-compliant MIMO WLAN signals over a 2-km 7-core fiber

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