Abstract:For many species, the Mediterranean region harbors distinct lineages that are of conservation concerns. However, many of these are threatened by habitat degradation and by the introduction of non-native species. Here, we assess the status of the native threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) in the Lake Bracciano region in Italy, where stickleback have been historically present. During a dedicated sampling campaign in summer 2015, surveying the potential habitats that sticklebacks commonly occupy, we c… Show more
“…Serious impacts on the lake food web were soon observed, with highly negative effects on long-naturalised species and/or species of major economic interest such as Atherina boyeri Risso and Perca fluviatilis L., which are both commercially fished [54,60]. The native stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus L.), historically present in the lake [140] is now probably extinct [141]. Differences in the distribution of aquatic vegetation and the associated invertebrate species in the lake are reflected in different impacts on the fish food web, in some cases with economic implications [47,54], highlighting the need to maintain habitat complexity including littoral vegetation in order to contain the negative effects of the largemouth bass.…”
Lakes worldwide have been strongly affected by several types of human-caused alteration, including changes in water level. This also affects deep lakes, including volcanic ones. Volcanic lakes in the Mediterranean area are of great importance for the local economy, but local human activities can threaten their rich biodiversity. As a European biodiversity hotspot and habitat of endemic species, the volcanic Lake Bracciano (Central Italy) is an ecosystem of primary conservation interest threatened by sharply falling water levels, particularly since 2017. It also plays a key role in human wellbeing by providing important ecosystem services including drinking water, fisheries and various recreational opportunities. Although the lake has historically been considered to enjoy good ecological status, various environmental problems, often amplified by water level changes, have arisen during the last two decades. Given this recent rapid evolution, the lake can be considered an example of a valuable ecosystem at risk as a result of increasing anthropogenic pressures. The aim of this review is to examine the changes that have affected the lake in the last 20 years, considerably reducing its capacity to provide ecosystem services, and to review existing and potential threats in order to better inform the management of such resources.
“…Serious impacts on the lake food web were soon observed, with highly negative effects on long-naturalised species and/or species of major economic interest such as Atherina boyeri Risso and Perca fluviatilis L., which are both commercially fished [54,60]. The native stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus L.), historically present in the lake [140] is now probably extinct [141]. Differences in the distribution of aquatic vegetation and the associated invertebrate species in the lake are reflected in different impacts on the fish food web, in some cases with economic implications [47,54], highlighting the need to maintain habitat complexity including littoral vegetation in order to contain the negative effects of the largemouth bass.…”
Lakes worldwide have been strongly affected by several types of human-caused alteration, including changes in water level. This also affects deep lakes, including volcanic ones. Volcanic lakes in the Mediterranean area are of great importance for the local economy, but local human activities can threaten their rich biodiversity. As a European biodiversity hotspot and habitat of endemic species, the volcanic Lake Bracciano (Central Italy) is an ecosystem of primary conservation interest threatened by sharply falling water levels, particularly since 2017. It also plays a key role in human wellbeing by providing important ecosystem services including drinking water, fisheries and various recreational opportunities. Although the lake has historically been considered to enjoy good ecological status, various environmental problems, often amplified by water level changes, have arisen during the last two decades. Given this recent rapid evolution, the lake can be considered an example of a valuable ecosystem at risk as a result of increasing anthropogenic pressures. The aim of this review is to examine the changes that have affected the lake in the last 20 years, considerably reducing its capacity to provide ecosystem services, and to review existing and potential threats in order to better inform the management of such resources.
“…T he Mediterranean region is a biodiversity hotspot for freshwater ecosystems, harboring many species (many of them endemic) and genetically distinct lineages that are of conservation concern (Araguas et al, 2012;Sharda et al, 2018). One of these species is the three-spined stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus.…”
This study was aimed to identify Schistocephalus solidus in three-spined stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus (Teleostei: Gasterosteidae) and to describe infection parameters and pathology. Three-spined stickleback specimens were collected between October 2019 to September 2020 in Gökpınar Spring (Dalaman River basin-Turkey). The highest elevation record of the common cestod parasite of three-spined stickleback has been found in this environment. Gross examination revealed that abdominal swelling was the most common finding. Cachexia and growth retartion were common in infected fishes. During the necropsy parasites were localized at the abdominal cavity. At the histopathological examination of the parasite, marked inflammatory reaction and fibrous tissue proliferation were observed. This study result showed that Schistocephalus solidus can cause marked pathological findings in infected threespined stickleback.
We analysed growth rates of two natural populations of the three–spined stickleback fish, Gasterosteus aculeatus, in Galicia (north–west of Spain) where it has a strictly annual life cycle. We used the von Bertalanffy growth model to estimate nonlinear function for length–at–age data sets. These European peripheral populations reach the highest growth rates (k of the von Bertalanffy model > 0.4 month–1) known for this species. Instantaneous mortality rates and fecundity were computed using von Bertalanffy model parameters for each population. Mortality rates found in Galician populations were 2.0–2.3 higher times than those observed in general for Gasterosteidae. Combining both mortality and fertility, different intermediate fitness optima in each population were obtained for mature females. Overall, these differences in life history compared to other studied populations of sticklebacks can be interpreted as local adaptations to a Mediterranean climate type with high degree–days. Consequently, these populations at the edges of the species’ range may have adapted to the unique environmental conditions and may be of interest in ecology and conservation.
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