On the stability of surface martensite in β-phase CuZn alloys

Crystal structure determination of incommensurate modulated martensite in Ni–Mn–In Heusler alloys

“…2) that cannot be indexed with the cubic L2 1 structure. In fact, these two peaks were resulted from the "surface martensite" with limited amount, as commonly observed in FeNi and Cu-Zn alloys [45,46] and confirmed by the SEM/ EBSD measurements on bulk Ni-Mn-In alloys with the same composition.…”

Some questions on the structure of martensite and precursor in Ni(<63at%)-Al alloys

“…Both these phenomena could lead to nickel rich Ni-AI layers near the surface raising the Ms and a possibility of transformation to martensite much as in Cu-Zn-Al alloys [25]. Surface martensites in these latter alloys are known to be associated with varying fault density, depending on loll orientation, which have been recognised by the accompanying changes in the diffraction patterns [26,27].…”

Pre-existing orthorhombic embryos-induced hexagonal–orthorhombic martensitic transformation in MnNiSi1–x (CoNiGe) x alloy

“…[58][59][60] However, this effect will only cause minor changes in M s temperature, and cannot account for a difference of hundreds of degrees Celsius. [61] In fact, despite different strain fields, the M s temperature of spontaneous transformation to martensite and the M s temperature of stress-induced transformation in a single crystal or polycrystal do not show substantial differences. [62] Therefore, Wayman [63] proposed that we distinguish between "martensite formed at a surface" and "surface martensite".…”