On the stability of perchlorate ions against reductive attacks in electrochemical systems and in the environment

Abstract

Abstract

Pd0‐ and Au0‐Nanoparticles Catalyze the Reduction of Perchlorate by ·C(CH3)2OH Radicals

“…The oxides/hydroxides formed on the NP surfaces during the above mechanisms probably explain the gradual precipitation of the NPs, though these are clearly partially reduced over time by the reducing radicals. Similar mechanisms have also been suggested for the reduction of perchlorate by electrocatalytic reduction , …”

“…The results show that –Δ G (H 2 ) > 4 × G (Cl – ), and this is probably due to the gradual precipitation of the NPs during the irradiation though the formation of some ClO 3 – and other redox intermediates of ClO 4 – , which cannot be ruled out. The formation of other redox intermediates has also been proposed for the electrocatalytic reduction of ClO 4 – …”

“…[12] Perchlorate is often used as the supporting electrolyte in systems that require significant cathodic potentials; [13,14] however, it was recently reported that perchlorate is reduced on some electrodes, and therefore, its use as a supporting electrolyte is not safe. [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] A variety of processes to remove perchlorate from water have been developed owing to the environmental importance. [23] These include adsorption, [23] biodegradation, [24][25][26][27][28] chemical reduction, [29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40] electrochemical reduction, [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]41] bio-electrochemical reduction, [42] and photo-electrocatalytic reduction.…”

Efectos del uso de electrolitos soportes en ensayos electroquímicos de la aleación Al-4%Mg expuesta a bioetanol combustible

“…El poder oxidante del LiClO 4 aumenta la concentración de Al +3 según (1), que es la especie formadora de la capa de óxido protectora (Al 2 O 3 ) en las condiciones de pH y temperaturas de trabajo [33], y a la vez el ClO 4 -se reduce a Cl -según (2), en la reacción catódica [34].…”

Electrochemical Reduction of Perchlorate Ion on Porous Carbon Electrodes Deposited with Iron Nanoparticles

“…According to these studies, the rate of reduction depends on the nature of the metal as well as other experimental conditions, including pH. Additionally, these studies showed that hydrogen promotes ClO 4 reduction via catalysis by a metal ion, [13][14][15][16][17] rendering the rigorous evolution of hydrogen during the application of a high reductive potential unavoidable. This caused several experimental difficulties, including fast dwindling of sample volume and increasing resistance.…”