On the Solid Hydrogen Intercalation in Multilayer Carbohydride-Like Graphane Nanostructures, Relevance to the Storage Applications

Abstract

In this analytical review, some thermodynamic, physical and nanotechnological aspects of the graphene/graphane problem are considered (in a correlation), relevance to developing a much simpler and efficient method (in comparison with the megabar compression dynamic and static ones) of producing a high-density solid molecular hydrogen carrier. It is achieved by the hydrogen intercalation (at the cost of the hydrogen association energy) in closed multigraphane (carbohydride-like) nanostructures of the megabar strength properties. The limiting density value (0.7±0.2 g/cm3(H2)) of such intercalated high-purity reversible hydrogen carrier corresponds to a megabar compression. The “volumetric” hydrogen capacity is of 0.3±0.1 g/cm3(system), and the “gravimetric” one being ≥ 15 wt %( H2). Such a hydrogen storage nanotechnology can exceed and/or correspond to the known U.S. DOE requirements-targets on the hydrogen on-board storage for 2015 (www.eere.energy.gov /hydrogenandfuelcells), with respect to the hydrogen capacities (0.081 g/cm3(system), 9.0 wt %( H2)), safety, reversibility and purity.

On Thermodynamic Stability of Hydrogenated Graphene Layers, Relevance to the Hydrogen on-board Storage

“…experimental single-internal-side hydrogenated graphene nanoblisters possessing of a very high Young's modulus (with intercalated into them H 2 gas of a high pressure) formed on the surface of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) or epitaxial graphene under the definite atomic hydrogen treatment ( [15][16][17][18][19][20][21]); 7). experimental hydrogenated graphite nanofibers possessing of a high Young's modulus (with intercalated into them solid H 2 ) that is relevante to the problem of the hydrogen on-board storage [18][19][20][21].…”

“…experimental hydrogenated graphite nanofibers possessing of a high Young's modulus (with intercalated into them solid H 2 ) that is relevante to the problem of the hydrogen on-board storage [18][19][20][21].…”

“…In this analytical review, results of thermodynamic analysis and comparison of some theoretical and experimental data are presented, including those from the most cited works [3,5] and from the least non-cited works [18][19][20][21].…”

“…Obviously, this is some specific sp 3 -like hybridization. Such model is taken into further consideration in this analytical study [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21].…”

“…This puzzling situation is also considered in the present analytical review. The main aim of this study is to show a real possibility, at least, from the thermodynamic point of view, of the existence of hydrogenated graphene-based nanostructures [18][19][20][21] possessing very high Young's modulus, and also showing a real possibility of intercalation in such nanostructures of solid molecular hydrogen under definite hydrogenation conditions relevant to the current problem of hydrogen on-board storage in fuelcell-powered vehicles.…”