On the single‐point determination of intrinsic viscosity

Varma, T. D.; Sengupta, Mainak

doi:10.1002/app.1971.070150704

Cited by 21 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The Solomon-Ciuta equation (Pamieset al, 2008;Solomon and Ciutaǎ ,1 962;Varma and Sengupta, 1971), has been proposed for single-point measurements of intrinsic viscosity:…”

Section: Molecular Weight Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Molecular Parameters on the Thermal Behavior of Recycled and Virgin Polyamides and Their Glass Fiber Composites

Mirzadeh

Ghasemi

Bates

et al. 2014

International Polymer Processing

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The Effect of Molecular Parameters on the Thermal BehaviorofR ecycled and Virgin Polyamides and Their Glass Fiber CompositesAs tudy was carried out to evaluate the effects of molecular weight and molecular structure on non-isothermal crystallization behavior of recycled and virgin polyamides (PA) and their corresponding glass fiber (GF) composites. Two different recycled polyamides( PA), namely post-industrial waste (PIW) and post-consumer waste (PCW) were used. The former was obtained from af iber manufacturer and the latter was recycled from used carpets. The molecular weights of the resins were measured by intrinsic viscosity (IV) measurements and 13 carbon nuclear magnetic resonance ( 13 C-NMR).The NMR technique also provided information on PA structure, cis and trans amide conformers content and residual unreacted monomer. Non-isothermal crystallization of the resins was studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The molecular weights of recycled materials were higher than that of virgin injection molding grade PA-6. However, the crystallization rates (indicated by t 1/2 )ofrecycled resins were faster. It could be attributed to the presence of TiO 2 in recycled materials. Moreover, the higher cis-amide conformer content of recycled resins suggested higher segmentalmobility. On the other hand, the crystallization rate of composites based on recycled PA-6 was slower than that of composites based on the virgin PA-6. The suppression of crystallization rate was apparently due to PA-66 added during the preparation of reinforced recycled resins. This behavior was confirmed by model compounds based on PA-6/PA-66 blends.

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“…The Solomon-Ciuta equation (Pamieset al, 2008;Solomon and Ciutaǎ ,1 962;Varma and Sengupta, 1971), has been proposed for single-point measurements of intrinsic viscosity:…”

Section: Molecular Weight Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Molecular Parameters on the Thermal Behavior of Recycled and Virgin Polyamides and Their Glass Fiber Composites

Mirzadeh

Ghasemi

Bates

et al. 2014

International Polymer Processing

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“…The single-point determination of [g] was calculated using Equation (6), (7), (8), (9), and (10), and the values of the appropriate constants are shown in Table 2. The average modulus percentage error in values of [g] obtained by these ways is compared, for reference, with the values of [g] found by procedure (a) or (c), in Table 3.…”

Section: Single-point Determination Of Intrinsic Viscosity Using Equamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Varma and Sengupta [9] analytically derived a singlepoint equation from the empirical viscosity relation of Schramek: [10] ½g…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-Point Determination of Intrinsic Viscosity of Semirigid Thermotropic Copolyesters in Phenol/1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane

Liu¹

2001

Macromol. Mater. Eng.

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A series of semirigid thermotropic copolyesters with different compositions were prepared from p‐hydroxybenzoic acid (HBA), hydroquinone (HQ), terephthalic acid (TPA) and poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) by acidolysis reaction and following polycondensation. Fourteen procedures of calculation of the intrinsic viscosities from a single viscosity measurement for polymer solutions, including three proposed ones, have been applied for the copolyesters in phenol/1,1,2,2‐tetrachloroethane (60/40, v/v) at 30°C. It is found that various forms of the Huggins and Kraemer equations, used singly or in a combined form, yield intrinsic viscosities in good agreement with those extrapolated values obtained in the usual manner from multipoint viscosity measurements over a wide range of concentrations.

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“…Most of them a;e the result of a "mathematical surgery'' of the well known relations, and they are useful for the calculation of in -Table 1. Taking into account that the use of the equations of SOLOMON and CIUTA [2] or of SOLOMON and GOTTESMAN [4] is limited by the K , value, VARMA and SENGUPTA [6] have derived more general relations starting from SCHRA-MEK'S empirical equation [ i l l . The general opinion is that single point techniques are more reliable for low concentration data, particularly in the case of polymersolvent systems for which the Huggins constant K , proposed for polymerbad solvent systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viscometric characterization of aromatic polysulfones. Determination of intrinsic viscosity by single point techniques

Bulacovschi¹,

Rusu²

1990

Acta Polymerica

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Table 2 gives the results of the treatment of the experimental data of the dependence of radical concentration on the Table, solely kd depends on the molar fraction of oxygen. The dependence is h e a r and its mathematical expression is: k d = 0.003 + 0.00S9X0 (e = 0.985), where X o is the molar fraction of oxygen. Obviously, the radical decay can be attributed t o the oxidative destruction of polyenyl radicals. The other parameters vary stochastically with X , and their changes are within the range of experimental errors. 303. References

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On the single‐point determination of intrinsic viscosity

Abstract: SynopsisIn the present paper we have analytically derived a single-point equation for determining the intrinsic viscosity of a polymer. It is observed that the proposed equation

Cited by 21 publications

References 15 publications

The Effect of Molecular Parameters on the Thermal Behavior of Recycled and Virgin Polyamides and Their Glass Fiber Composites

The Effect of Molecular Parameters on the Thermal Behavior of Recycled and Virgin Polyamides and Their Glass Fiber Composites

Single-Point Determination of Intrinsic Viscosity of Semirigid Thermotropic Copolyesters in Phenol/1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane

Viscometric characterization of aromatic polysulfones. Determination of intrinsic viscosity by single point techniques

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