On the shearing behaviour of an artificially cemented soil

Rı́os, Sara; Fonseca, António Viana da; Baudet, BA

doi:10.1007/s11440-013-0242-7

Cited by 68 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…For mixture M2, at the highest confining stress (σ'1=300 kPa and σ'3=150 kPa), the stress ratio tended to an M value of approximately 1.6 (being M the slope at the critical state) indicating that, in this case, the confining pressure may be destroying particle bonding. In the other tests, the stress ratio tended to a higher M value of approximately 2, in agreement with the soil-cement data presented by Rios et al (2013).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Structural Performance of Alkali-Activated Soil Ash versus Soil Cement

Rı́os

Cristelo

Fonseca

et al. 2016

J. Mater. Civ. Eng.

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114

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Alkaline activation of fly ash was used to improve the mechanical performance of a silty sand, considering this new material as a replacement of soil-cement applications namely bases and subbases for transportation infrastructures. For that purpose, specimens were molded from mixtures of soil, fly ash and an alkaline activator made from sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate. Uniaxial compression tests showed that strength is highly increased by the addition of this new binder. The results described a high stiffness material, with an initial volume reduction followed by significant dilation. All specimens have clearly reached the respective yield surface during shearing, and peak strength Mohr-Coulomb parameters were defined for each mixture. The evolution of the microstructure during curing, responsible for the mechanical behavior detected in the previous tests, was observed by scanning electron microscopy. These results were compared to soil-cement data obtained previously with the same soil at similar compaction conditions. The main difference between both binders was the curing rate, with alkali activated specimens showing a more progressive and long-lasting strength increase. This was analyzed taking into account the chemical process responsible for the behavior of the mixtures.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Structural Performance of Alkali-Activated Soil Ash versus Soil Cement

Rı́os

Cristelo

Fonseca

et al. 2016

J. Mater. Civ. Eng.

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114

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“…In fact, while in grout mixtures, the increase in the concentration of the alkaline solution (affecting viscosity and workability) does not prevent the strength increase; in a much drier mixture, this may have a significant impact. For this reason further studies involving the development of rational dosage methodologies based on well-defined controlling variables as exists for soil-cement (e.g., Rios et al, 2014) are of major importance. In the case of AAC-soil mixtures the key variables may be the solids/liquid ratio, the ratio between ash and activator, or the ratio between the two components of the activator.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As illustrated in Figure 13 for 50 kPa confining pressure, the treated soil shows a very stiff stress-strain curve, conversely to the soil and soil-ash mixtures, associated to a brittle failure followed by strain softening, as it is typical of cemented materials (Rios et al, 2014). This is related to a high degradation rate of the stiffness degradation curve after bound breakage, observed in this particular case by the ratio between the dynamic stiffness modulus (E0) and the initial secant modulus (Esec), obtained from the triaxial test with smaller confining stress (50 kPa), which is almost constant up to peak: E0/Esec = 6088/551 = 11.…”

Section: Stress-strain Behaviour and Strength Envelopementioning

confidence: 95%

Mechanical and durability properties of a soil stabilised with an alkali-activated cement

Rı́os

Ramos

Fonseca

et al. 2017

European Journal of Environmental and Civil Engineering

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Alkali activated cements (AAC) have been extensively studied for different applications as an alternative to Portland cement (which has a high carbon footprint) and due to the possibility of including waste materials such fly ash or slags. However, few works have addressed the topic of stabilised soils with AAC for unpaved roads, with curing at ambient temperature, where the resistance to wetting and drying as well as the mechanical properties evolution over time is particularly relevant. In this paper, a silty sand was stabilized with an AAC synthetized from low calcium fly ash and an alkaline solution made from sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide. The evolution of stiffness and strength up to 360 days, the tensile strength, and the performance during wetting and drying cycles were some of the characteristics analysed. Strength and stiffness results show a significant evolution far beyond the 28 th curing day, but still with a reasonable short-term strength. Strength parameters deduced from triaxial tests were found to be very high with stress-strain behaviour typical of cemented soils. Durability properties related to resistance to immersion and wetting and drying cycles were found to comply with existing specifications for soil-cement, giving validity for its use as soil-cement replacement.

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“…They showed that these soils follow the same principal behaviour and that the physical properties of the cemented soil govern its behaviour, rather than individual causes of cementation. Hence, it has been a common practice to perform tests on artificially cemented sands to draw conclusions and deepen understanding .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the micro mechanics of cemented sand using DEM

Bono

McDowell

Wanatowski

2014

Num Anal Meth Geomechanics

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Summary The discrete element method has been used to investigate the micro mechanics of cemented sand. High‐pressure drained triaxial tests are modelled in 3D using a flexible membrane that allows the correct deformation to develop. Simulations with up to 12 MPa confining pressure are presented, which are compared with laboratory experiments on a sand with a range of cement contents. Cementation is modelled using ‘parallel bonds’, and various parameters and strength distributions are investigated. Varying levels of cementation are successfully modelled, with the correct qualitative behaviour observed and the separate effects of cementation and confining pressures demonstrated. The triaxial behaviour is found to be highly influenced by the distribution of bond strengths. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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On the shearing behaviour of an artificially cemented soil

Cited by 68 publications

References 15 publications

Structural Performance of Alkali-Activated Soil Ash versus Soil Cement

Structural Performance of Alkali-Activated Soil Ash versus Soil Cement

Mechanical and durability properties of a soil stabilised with an alkali-activated cement

Investigating the micro mechanics of cemented sand using DEM

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