On the Shapes of Cells in the Cambial Zone of Pinus silvestris L.

Dodd, John D.

doi:10.2307/2438147

Cited by 12 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 10 publications

(30 reference statements)

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“…Both methods have certain disadvantages for in situ tests under mechanical load: during sample preparation, defects can be induced (Jansen et al 2008 ). To obtain 3D information from the 2D data of EM or optical microscopy, the sample has to be cut into thin slices after experimentation (Dodd 1948 ). The more convenient X-ray tomography became available only in the last two decades, with the help of which spatial information can be gained, ranging from the classical computed microtomography X-ray (Steppe et al 2004 ;Scholz et al 2010 ) to synchrotron microtomography.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synchrotron-based tomographic microscopy (SbTM) of wood: development of a testing device and observation of plastic deformation of uniaxially compressed Norway spruce samples

et al. 2012

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To understand better the structure-property relationships of wood in situ, nondestructive synchrotron-based tomographic microscopy (SbTM) with subcellular resolution is useful. In this context, an in situ testing device was developed to determine the cellular response of wood to mechanical loading. Different rotationally symmetric specimens were tested to synchronize the failure areas to the given scanning areas. Norway spruce samples were uniaxially compressed in the longitudinal direction and scanned in situ at several increasing relative forces ending up in the plastic deformation regime. A suffi ciently high quality in situ tomography was demonstrated. The reconstructed data allowed the observation of the load-dependent development of failure regions: cracks and buckling on the microstructure were clearly visible. Future investigations with SbTM on different wood species, loading directions, and different moisture contents are promising in terms of the micromechanical behavior of wood.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synchrotron-based tomographic microscopy (SbTM) of wood: development of a testing device and observation of plastic deformation of uniaxially compressed Norway spruce samples

et al. 2012

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“…Deterministic patterns of division have been proposed to be based on the age structures (states) of the cell walls and underlying cortical cytoplasm (Lück et al 1988; Barlow et al 2001). Fusiform cambial cells have a complex shape and pattern of wall contacts (Dodd 1948), and both these factors may influence the pattern of fusiform cell division.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterned cell development in the secondary phloem of dicotyledonous trees: a review and a hypothesis

Barlow

Lück²

2006

J Plant Res

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The secondary phloem of dicotyledonous trees and shrubs is constructed of sieve tube cells (S) and their companion cells, as well as parenchyma (P) and fibre (F) cells. Different species have characteristic sequences of these S, P and F cells within the radial files of their phloem. The sequences are recurrent, and are evidence of rhythmic cell determination and differentiation. A model was devised to account for the sequences found in various dicot tree species. It is based on the pattern of radial displacement of cells through a gradient of morphogen which supports secondary phloem development. According to this model, each tree species shows a particular pattern of post-mitotic cellular displacement along each radial file as a result of a corresponding sequence of periclinal division in the cambial initial and its descendents. The divisions and displacements ensure that at each timestep (equivalent to an interdivisional interval) each cell resides in a specific location within the morphogenic gradient. Cells then emerge from the post-mitotic zone of cell determination, having acquired different final positional values. These values lie above a series of thresholds that permit the respective determination and subsequent differentiation of one or other of the three cell types S, P and F. The recurrent nature of the sequences of the three cell types within each radial cell file, as well as their tangential banding, are a consequence of a shared rhythmic spatio-temporal pattern of periclinal cambial divisions. With a single set of morphogen parameters required for cell determination, and using three positions for cambial cell divisions, all the cellular sequences of secondary phloem illustrated in the literature can be accounted for.

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Polygonal Aspects of Cell Faces. Iii. Cell Size, Cell Division, and Cell Face Distributions

Wheeler

1963

American J of Botany

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Wheeler, George E. (Brooklyn Coll., Brooklyn, New York.) Polygonal aspects of cell faces. III. Cell size, cell division, and cell face distributions. Amer. Jour. Bot. 50(8): 747–754. Illus. 1963.—The effects of cell size differences on cell face (polygon type) distributions, and the relationship of cell division to these effects were investigated, using published and original data. Only “relative” size was considered, i.e., the size of a body compared with the sizes of contiguous bodies. A preliminary study of mixtures including 2 sizes of nonliving bodies (bubbles or shot) showed that, with increase in number of smaller bodies relative to larger, 4‐ and 5‐gons decrease and 6‐gons increase on both large and small bodies (except for 5‐gons on small bubbles). Since the cited papers on cells generally include no volume measurements, cell size was assumed to be proportional to number of faces; therefore, the cells from each sample were pooled in 3 groups of different ranges as to number of faces per cell. This device made evident the 4‐ and 5‐gon decreases and the 6‐gon increases with increasing size, but only in certain samples;‐ marked exceptions occurred among others. New data from 2 original samples showed, in general, the correlations described above, but again then; were exceptions. Discrepancies were found to arise from variable division patterns which affect face types both directly, and indirectly through division effects on cell size. It was concluded that relative size is generally less important in determining cell face distributions than are the more direct cell division events, and that size difference effects can be detected only if the other events operate minimally.

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On the Shapes of Cells in the Cambial Zone of Pinus silvestris L.

Cited by 12 publications

References 10 publications

Synchrotron-based tomographic microscopy (SbTM) of wood: development of a testing device and observation of plastic deformation of uniaxially compressed Norway spruce samples

Synchrotron-based tomographic microscopy (SbTM) of wood: development of a testing device and observation of plastic deformation of uniaxially compressed Norway spruce samples

Patterned cell development in the secondary phloem of dicotyledonous trees: a review and a hypothesis

Polygonal Aspects of Cell Faces. Iii. Cell Size, Cell Division, and Cell Face Distributions

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