On the Selective Relation of Frontal Cortical Asymmetry and Anger-Out Versus Anger-Control.

Hewig, Johannes; Hagemann, Dirk; Seifert, Jan; Naumann, Ewald; Bartussek, Dieter

doi:10.1037/0022-3514.87.6.926

Cited by 137 publications

(157 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…This pattern was later conceptually replicated by Hewig, Hagemann, Seifert, Naumann, and Bartussek (2004) and by Rybak, Crayton, Young, Herba, and Konopka (2006). Harmon-Jones (2004) later confirmed that this pattern is not attributable to any positive feelings about anger among people high in trait anger.…”

Section: Hemispheric Activation Affect and Motivational Directionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Anger is an approach-related affect: Evidence and implications.

Carver¹,

Harmon‐Jones²

2009

Psychological Bulletin

1,367

1,165

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The authors review a range of evidence concerning the motivational underpinnings of anger as an affect, with particular reference to the relationship between anger and anxiety or fear. The evidence supports the view that anger relates to an appetitive or approach motivational system, whereas anxiety relates to an aversive or avoidance motivational system. This evidence appears to have 2 implications. One implication concerns the nature of anterior cortical asymmetry effects. The evidence suggests that such asymmetry reflects direction of motivational engagement (approach vs. withdrawal) rather than affective valence. The other implication concerns the idea that affects form a purely positive dimension and a purely negative dimension, which reflect the operation of appetitive and aversive motivational systems, respectively. The evidence reviewed does not support that view. The evidence is, however, consistent with a discrete-emotions view (which does not rely on dimensionality) and with an alternative dimensional approach.Keywords: anger, approach, appetitive system, avoidance, threat system Recent years have seen a surge of interest in emotional experience (e.g., Barrett, Niedenthal, & Winkielman, 2005;Dalgleish & Power, 1999;Davidson, Scherer, & Goldsmith, 2003;Frijda, 2007; Lane & Nadel, 2000;Lewis & Haviland-Jones, 2000;Ortony, Clore, & Collins, 1988;Panksepp, 1998; Rottenberg & Johnson, 2007; Scherer, Schorr, & Johnstone, 2001). Views of emotion vary considerably, in several respects. As one example, some people view emotions as a set of distinct modular entities, often considered basic emotions (e.g., Ekman, 1992;Izard, 1991;Izard & Ackerman, 2000;Levenson, 1994Levenson, , 1999Panksepp, 1998;Roseman, 1991). Others hold that affects are best understood by reference to underlying dimensions (e.g., Barrett, 2006;Cacioppo, Gardner, & Berntson, 1999;Carver & Scheier, 1998;Davidson, 1998;Gray, 1994a;Lang, Bradley, & Cuthbert, 1992Russell, 2003;Russell & Carroll, 1999a, 1999bWatson, Wiese, Vaidya, & Tellegen, 1999;Yik, Russell, & Barrett, 1999). AngerThis article focuses on one specific affect-anger. Specifically, it addresses the relationship of this affect to broad motivational tendencies of approach and avoidance, and it considers implications of that relationship for two areas of thought and research. We begin with a few words about definitions.Sometimes the terms affect, feeling, and emotion are treated as interchangeable (e.g., Isen, 2000); sometimes they are distinguished from each other (e.g., Fredrickson, 2001;. Affect is generally used to imply a hedonic experience, a sense of valence, a subjective sense of positivity or negativity arising from an event. When many use the word emotion, it is with that sense in mind. As Frijda (2000) put it, "For many theorists, the essence of emotion is feeling, and notably 'affect,' here used in the sense of a feeling of pleasure or pain . . . ." (p. 63). As Ortony et al. (1988) put it, emotions are ". . valenced reactions to events, agents, or objects . ." (p. 13). T...

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Section: Hemispheric Activation Affect and Motivational Directionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Anger is an approach-related affect: Evidence and implications.

Carver¹,

Harmon‐Jones²

2009

Psychological Bulletin

1,367

1,165

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The frontal cortex was found to be asymmetrically involved in the expression of positive/negative emotions related to approach/withdrawal motivational behaviors (Harmon-Jones et al, 2006). In particular, a left-lateralized increase of resting-state frontal activation was correlated with higher externalized anger, a negative but approach-oriented emotion (Harmon-Jones et al, 2003;Carver, 2004;Hewig et al, 2004). The rightward connectivity asymmetry found in DMN frontal regions can be consistent with the abovementioned findings, suggesting that the persistent engagement of the left frontal cortex could prevent frontal regions from normally interacting with the rest of the DMN, resulting in a modified resting-state connectivity pattern.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inter-hemispherical asymmetry in default-mode functional connectivity and BAIAP2 gene are associated with anger expression in ADHD adults

Hasler

Preti

Meskaldji

et al. 2017

Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging

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A B S T R A C TAttention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is accompanied by resting-state alterations, including abnormal activity, connectivity and asymmetry of the default-mode network (DMN). Concurrently, recent studies suggested a link between ADHD and the presence of polymorphisms within the gene BAIAP2 (i.e., brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 1-associated protein 2), known to be differentially expressed in brain hemispheres. The clinical and neuroimaging correlates of this polymorphism are still unknown. We investigated the association between BAIAP2 polymorphisms and DMN functional connectivity (FC) asymmetry as well as behavioral measures in ADHD adults. Resting-state fMRI was acquired from 30 ADHD and 15 healthy adults. For each subject, rs7210438 and rs8079626 within the gene BAIAP2 were genotyped. ADHD severity, impulsiveness and anger were assessed for the ADHD group. Using multivariate analysis of variance, we found that genetic features do have an impact on DMN FC asymmetry. In particular, polymorphism rs8079626 affects medial frontal gyrus and inferior parietal lobule connectivity asymmetry, lower for AA than AG/GG carriers. Further, when combining FC asymmetry and the presence of the rs8079626 variant, we successfully predicted increased externalization of anger in ADHD. In conclusion, a complex interplay between genetic vulnerability and interhemispherical DMN FC asymmetry plays a role in emotion regulation in adult ADHD.

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“…Interestingly, during social conditioning No and Yes are universally used as feedback words. Saying No to oneself as internal feedback is of particular relevance to activity of the OFC since it is a common form of inner cognitive feedback affecting self control, which presumably is modulated by OFC function (Bechara, Damasio, & Damasio, 2000).Underlying social conditioning, the perception of Yes and No probably relate to approach/ avoidance and behavioral activation (BAS)/inhibition (BIS) systems (Hewig et al, 2004). Behavioral preferences triggering BIS in particular may have a role in one's sensitivity to reinforcement contingencies (Gray & McNaughton, 1996).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(Goldstein et al, 2005). However, healthy variability in the successful control of anger have only recently drawn attention (Hewig, Hagemann, Seifert, Naumann, & Bartussek, 2004). …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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What is in a word? No versus Yes differentially engage the lateral orbitofrontal cortex.

Alia‐Klein¹,

Goldstein²,

Tomasi³

et al. 2007

Emotion

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The words "No" and "Yes" are involved in conditioning to prohibit or encourage behavior, respectively. We therefore hypothesized that these words would be attributed endogenous valence, activating neuronal circuits involved with valence and emotional control. Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) at 4 Tesla was used to record regional brain activity while participants were exposed to emphatic vocalizations of the words. Results showed that No and Yes were associated with opposite brain-behavior responses; while No was negatively valenced, produced slower response times, and evoked a negative signal in the right lateral orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), Yes was positively valenced, produced faster response times and evoked a positive signal in a contiguous region of the OFC. Attribution of negative valence to No and trait anger control were associated with increased responsivity of the OFC to No. Inasmuch as sensitivity to the prohibitive command No develops during childhood through interaction with primary caregivers as the first social objects, our findings may implicate the lateral OFC in the neurobiology of emotion regulation and subsequent social development. Keywords fMRI; inferior frontal gyrus; OFC; valence; emotional control; anger; "yes"; "no" During human development, the meaning of certain words acquires emotional valence and motivational significance via their repeated context-dependent association with rewarding or punishing events. The elementary commanding word used to prohibit or cease behavior is the word No while Yes is the word used to encourage or to continue it. The word No, considered the earliest and most potent relational word in language development, is both expressed and received while interacting with the social environment. For example, No is expressed as internal or external feedback to refuse commands, encode failure, or to negate propositions (Gopnik & Meltzoff, 1985; Gopnik & Melzoff, 1997; Peirce, 1869 Peirce, /1984. No is expressed from within and from the social environment, often as a command to stop ongoing or attempted behavior, and it may thus be experienced as unpleasant and be perceived as negatively valenced. Conversely, an emphatically expressed Yes could be encouraging and perceived as positively valenced. The neural mechanisms underlying the perception of the regulatory words No and Yes, and the relationship of this neural response to affective valence have not been studied thus far. Evidence from non-human primate research demonstrates sensitivity of the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) to gradations of intrinsic value, guiding approach/avoidance behavior preferences (Tremblay & Schultz, 1999). In humans, the OFC, which encompasses lateral and medial inferior prefrontal regions, is a paralimbic structure that receives inputs from each of the sensory association areas as well as from midbrain dopaminergic structures. As such it is well positioned to conjoin multimodal valence information as well as memory for previous punishment and reward associations (Zald & Rau...

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On the Selective Relation of Frontal Cortical Asymmetry and Anger-Out Versus Anger-Control.

Cited by 137 publications

References 80 publications

Anger is an approach-related affect: Evidence and implications.

Anger is an approach-related affect: Evidence and implications.

Inter-hemispherical asymmetry in default-mode functional connectivity and BAIAP2 gene are associated with anger expression in ADHD adults

What is in a word? No versus Yes differentially engage the lateral orbitofrontal cortex.

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