On the Role of Psychoneuroimmunology in Oral Medicine

Poor Oral Hygiene: Risk Factors Resulting From Changes in the Oral Microbiota

“…(6) Therefore, it is important to understand that there is an influence of factors that determine the process of periodontal health and disease, such as nutrition, drug use, stress, oral hygiene, socioeconomic status, access to health services, presence of biological entities that determine the composition of the oral biofilm, activity of the immune system in the individual's oral mucosa and genetic predisposition. (8) It is important to highlight that many of the risk factors are avoidable/modifiable, exemplified by smoking, which is one of the main causes of deaths, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). ( 9) Through tobacco by-products, there are changes in oral immunology, such as a greater effect on the formation of plaques by bacterial microorganisms due to periodontal tissues being more susceptible to their actions, as well as interference in tissue healing and possible inflammation or damage to the oral cavity.…”

Diurnal variation of 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine in continuous time series of two breast cancer survivors

“…As this study was not designed for this analysis but to investigate stress system dynamics under conditions of "life as it is lived," it lacks a direct comparison between different sampling methods. However, the high ecological validity of the integrative single-case study approach allowed for the detection of day-night differences of 8-OHdG, highlighting the potential limitations of single measurement reductionistic study designs that often overlook broader systemic effects and interactions within the body, and take the risk of inconsistent or erroneous findings [24,25,[55][56][57]. This is particularly important when using 8-OHdG as a biomarker in clinical research or diagnostics for various forms of cancer, stroke, diabetes, neurodegenerative disorders, and other oxidative damagerelated chronic diseases [14,[58][59][60].…”

Timing matters: A meta-analysis on the dynamic effect of stress on salivary immunoglobulin

“…These changes may be part of an adaptive fight-or-flight response to stressful situations, which evolutionary carried the risk of injury and infection (Szabo et al, 2020; Marsland et al, 2017; Slavish et al, 2015; Segerstrom and Miller, 2004). Further, psychological stress and the individual degree of stress responsivity are considered risk factors in various somatic and psychiatric diseases, possibly by affecting immune functioning (Seizer and Schubert, 2022; Khandaker et al, 2021; Everly et al, 2019; Marsland et al, 2002). However, the pathways underlying this stress-related regulation of immunity are still not fully understood (Schiller et al, 2021), and the field is plagued by high heterogeneity of effect sizes reported in individual studies (Szabo et al, 2020; Segerstrom and Miller, 2004).…”