On the Response of the Chick, before and after Hatching, to Changes of External Temperatuee

Pembrey, M. S.

doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1894.sp000536

Cited by 40 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…2 /hr.). Since the newly hatched chick is able to regulate its heat production (Pembrey, Gordon and Warren, 1895;Giaja, 1925;Romijn, 1954;Romijn and Lokhorst, 1955;Freeman, 1964^) it may be concluded that the increase in the oxygen uptake is directed towards maintaining the body temperature at its pre-hatching level.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The relationship between oxygen consumption, body temperature and surface area in the hatching and young chick

Freeman

1965

British Poultry Science

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The relationship between oxygen consumption, body temperature and surface area in the hatching and young chick

Freeman

1965

British Poultry Science

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“…An increase in DB temperature may have inhibited internal heat production, therefore affecting growth and water-production briefly; a decrease in DB temperature may have taken a number of hours to have its effect. In any case, the effects were small and transitory due to the short time during which the DB temperature has measurable effects on embryonic growth (Pembrey et al, 1895;Giaja, 1925). In Experiment 2, the RH had a highly significant effect on egg weight loss from 17 days of incubation to external pipping.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effect of Dry-Bulb Temperature, Relative Humidity, and Eggshell Conductance During Days 17 to 21 of Incubation on Egg Weight Loss and Chick Weight

Swann

Brake

1990

Poultry Science

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Broiler hatching eggs of similar weight were incubated at 37.2 C dry-bulb (DB) temperature and a relative humidity (RH) of 59%. On Day 17 of incubation, the eggs were randomly divided into three groups. The eggs in Group 1 served as the control, the eggs in Group 2 were washed in sodium hypochlorite to disrupt the cuticle, and the eggs in Group 3 were partially dipped in a colloid solution to seal the pores in the pointed region of the eggshell. These treatments altered eggshell conductance.Eggs from all three groups were randomly placed in incubators operating at a DB temperature of 36.7, 37.2, or 37.8 C and at a 59% RH (Experiment 1), or at 51%, 59%, or 67% RH, and at a DB temperature of 37.2 C (Experiment 2). Individual egg weights were recorded on Day 17 (before and after shell treatment), Day 18, Day 19, and at external pipping. Chick weight at hatch, eggshell weight, and time of hatch were also recorded.A DB temperature of 37.8 C resulted in the least weight loss from Day 17 to Day 18 of incubation; a DB temperature of 36.7 C resulted in the least weight loss from Day 18 to Day 19 of incubation. Chick weight at hatch or the time of hatch was not affected by the DB temperature.An incubation RH of 67% resulted in the least weight loss from Day 17 of incubation to external pipping. Chick weight at hatch was not affected by the RH. However, the 67% RH resulted in a significantly longer incubation period. Colloid-treated eggs lost significantly less weight from Day 17 to external pipping than untreated eggs. Chick weight at hatch was unaffected by shell treatment; however, in Experiment 1, the colloid-treated eggs took longer to hatch.

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“…At this time they vocalize when exposed to low environmental temperatures (Pembrey et al 1895;Collias 1952;Kaufman and Hinde 196 1). The results of several studies have suggested that the vocalizations of such thermally dependent young birds may signal the need for brooding to the parent (McBride et al 1969;Myhre and Steen 1979;Beintema and Visser 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vocal solicitation of heat as an integral component of the developing thermoregulatory system in young domestic chickens

Bugden¹,

Evans²

1997

Can. J. Zool.

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Young domestic chickens (Gullus gullus) were able to regulate their body temperature in a laboratory setting, where vocalizations triggered a period of rewarming (35°C) in an otherwise cold environment. Vocal solicitation of a rewarming period functioned in an analogous manner to the parental brooding response to a vocalizing chick. The number of vocally generated rewarming bouts increased if the cold-challenge temperature was decreased from 20 to 5°C. The body temperature and ambient temperature maintained during vocal regulation were not significantly affected by the cold-challenge temperature. Thermoregulatory reliance on vocally induced rewarming bouts decreased with age as endothermic capability and the ability to retain heat improved. This decreased reliance on vocally induced heat inputs matches the pattern of decline of parental brooding seen in chicks reared in a natural setting. Body temperature at both cold-challenge temperatures increased with age, while the preferred ambient temperature decreased with age. This pattern is also found in the young of many birds species tested in spatial thermal gradients. Vocal solicitation of heat thus appears to form an integral and finely tuned part of the overall thermoregulatory system of these young precocial birds.RCsumC : Des poussins domestiques (Gullus gullus) se sont avdrks capables de contrbler leur temperature interne dans des conditions de laboratoire oh leurs cris provoquaient une periode de rechauffement (35°C) dans un milieu gendralement froid. Le systkme de sollicitation vocale du rechauffement fonctionnait de la meme facon que la reponse parentale aux cris d'un poussin. Le nombre de periodes de rechauffement sollicitees par des cris augmentait si la temperature experimentale dtait baissee de 20 i 5°C. La temperature du corps et la tempkrature ambiante maintenues au cours de la periode de sollicitation vocale n'etaient pas significativement reliees h la temperature experimentale. Le recours aux periodes de rechauffement sollicitees par des cris diminuait avec I'ige. B mesure que I'endothermie et la capacite de retenir la chaleur augmentaient. Cette diminution du recours aux sollicitations vocales s'apparente au pattern de diminution des soins parentaux chez des poussins eleves dans des conditions normales. Avec I'ige, la temperature du corps aux deux temperatures froides augmentait et la tempdrature a~nbiante preferde diniinuait. Ce phenomitne est commun chez les oisillons de plusieurs espkces soumis B un gradient spatial thermique experimental. La sollicitation vocale de chaleur semble donc constituer une partie integrante et raffinde du systitme thermoregulateur global chez ces jeunes oiseaux precoces.[Traduit par la Redaction1

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On the Response of the Chick, before and after Hatching, to Changes of External Temperatuee

Cited by 40 publications

References 0 publications

The relationship between oxygen consumption, body temperature and surface area in the hatching and young chick

The relationship between oxygen consumption, body temperature and surface area in the hatching and young chick

Effect of Dry-Bulb Temperature, Relative Humidity, and Eggshell Conductance During Days 17 to 21 of Incubation on Egg Weight Loss and Chick Weight

Vocal solicitation of heat as an integral component of the developing thermoregulatory system in young domestic chickens

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