On the representativeness of pump water samples versus manta sampling in microplastic analysis

Tamminga, Matthias; Stoewer, Sarah-Christin; Fischer, Elke Kerstin

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2019.112970

Cited by 100 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The traps can be placed in several points in order to cover the width of the water stream and to have a more representative sampling. Pump systems are used for water sampling through a filtering system, resulting in a more efficient selection and a more significant sampling of fibres compared to nets [43,44]. Autosamplers are among the newest, and most used, techniques that fractionate the dimension of the sample through a pumping system and filtering waterfalls [45].…”

Section: Water Surface Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Practical Overview of Methodologies for Sampling and Analysis of Microplastics in Riverine Environments

et al. 2020

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Microplastics have recently been stated as being remarkable contaminants of all environmental matrices. The lack of consistent and standardised methods and protocols used to evaluate and quantify microplastics present in riverine systems made a comparison among different studies a critical issue. Based on literature research and the practical expertise of the authors, this work presents a complete collection and analysis of procedures concerning the monitoring of microplastics in riverine environments, focusing on their sampling and analytical protocols to identify, quantify, and characterise them. Further details regarding the advantages and disadvantages of each analytical technique described, such as general recommendations and suggestions, are provided to give practical support for analytical procedures. In particular, microplastics studies consist firstly of their sampling from the aquatic compartment (aqueous and solid phase). Based on the goal of the research, specific devices can be used to collect particles from different matrices. It follows their quantification after extraction from the environmental matrix, adopting different protocols to isolate microplastics from a large amount of organic matter present in a riverine system. In the end, additional qualitative analyses (e.g., RAMAN and FTIR spectroscopy, GC-MS) are required to identify the chemical composition of particles for a better image regarding the abundance of polymer types, their origin, or other information related to manufacturing processes.

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Section: Water Surface Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Practical Overview of Methodologies for Sampling and Analysis of Microplastics in Riverine Environments

et al. 2020

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“…Collection of MPs from large amounts of natural waters is commonly limited to particles larger than 200-300 μm (Ivleva et al 2017), although other devices such as pump and/or cascade filtration systems may allow to fractionally collect MPs down to 20 μm and below (Tamminga et al 2019), particularly when high MPs concentrations make filtration of large volumes unnecessary as in the case of wastewaters (Murphy et al 2016). When it comes to more complex environmental matrices such as sediments, sludges, or soils, sieving followed by density separation and subsequent filtration is the most common procedure for collecting microplastics as small as 1-2 μm (Missawi et al 2020;Setälä et al 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New methodologies for the detection, identification, and quantification of microplastics and their environmental degradation by-products

Castelvetro

Corti

Biale

et al. 2021

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Sampling, separation, detection, and characterization of microplastics (MPs) dispersed in natural water bodies and ecosystems is a challenging and critical issue for a better understanding of the hazards for the environment posed by such nearly ubiquitous and still largely unknown form of pollution. There is still the need for exhaustive, reliable, accurate, reasonably fast, and cost-efficient analytical protocols allowing the quantification not only of MPs but also of nanoplastics (NPs) and of the harmful molecular pollutants that may result from degrading plastics. Here a set of newly developed analytical protocols, integrated with specialized techniques such as pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS), for the accurate and selective determination of the polymers most commonly found as MPs polluting marine and freshwater sediments are presented. In addition, the results of an investigation on the low molecular weight volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released upon photo-oxidative degradation of microplastics highlight the important role of photoinduced fragmentation at a molecular level both as a potential source of hazardous chemicals and as accelerators of the overall degradation of floating or stranded plastic debris.

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“…Another advantage of bulk water sampling is the elimination of contamination from sampling equipment such as nylon nets and ropes. However, trawling with a net or bulk water sampling should be considered complementary techniques, covering different parts of the overall microplastic pollution (Tamminga et al 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single‐Pot Method for the Collection and Preparation of Natural Water for Microplastic Analyses: Microplastics in the Mississippi River System during and after Historic Flooding

Scircle

Cizdziel

Missling

et al. 2020

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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We describe a simple single‐pot method for collection and preparation of natural water for microplastic analyses. The method prepares samples in the same vessel (mason jars) that they are collected in right up until the microplastics are transferred onto filters or spectroscopic windows for analyses. The method minimized contamination, degradation, and losses, while increasing recoveries and throughput when compared with conventional sieving. We applied it to surface grab samples collected from the Mississippi River and its major tributaries during and after historic flooding in 2019. Microplastics (>~30 µm) were quantified using Nile red fluorescence detection, and a small subset of samples were identified by micro‐Fourier transform infrared imaging spectroscopy. Concentrations were lower during the flooding, likely due to dilution. Concentrations ranged from approximately 14 microplastics/L in the Tennessee River during flooding to approximately 83 microplastics/L in the Ohio River during low‐flow (summer) conditions. Loads of microplastics tended to increase downriver and ranged from approximately 87 to approximately 129 trillion microplastics/d near New Orleans. Most of the microplastics (>60%) were in the lower size fraction (~30–90 µm) and consisted primarily of fragments (~85%), followed by fibers (~8%) and beads (~7%), with polyester, polyethylene, polypropylene, and polyacrylate as the primary microplastic types. Overall, we demonstrate that the single‐pot method is effective and versatile and, because it uses relatively inexpensive and easily assembled materials, can be adapted for microplastic surveys worldwide, especially those involving sample collection by volunteers from the community and schools. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:986–995. © 2020 SETAC

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On the representativeness of pump water samples versus manta sampling in microplastic analysis

Cited by 100 publications

References 31 publications

A Practical Overview of Methodologies for Sampling and Analysis of Microplastics in Riverine Environments

A Practical Overview of Methodologies for Sampling and Analysis of Microplastics in Riverine Environments

New methodologies for the detection, identification, and quantification of microplastics and their environmental degradation by-products

Single‐Pot Method for the Collection and Preparation of Natural Water for Microplastic Analyses: Microplastics in the Mississippi River System during and after Historic Flooding

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