On the relative (un)importance of foveal vision during letter search in naturalistic scenes

Clayden, Adam C.; Fisher, Robert B.; Nuthmann, Antje

doi:10.1016/j.visres.2020.07.005

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…Not only the inaccuracy of the eye tracker matters when calculating AOI measures from AOIs of different sizes. The minimum size of an AOI that encircles a target stimulus is also limited by the inaccuracy of the visuo-oculomotor system when targeting small objects, which can be larger for some participant groups (Clayden et al, 2020;Pajak & Nuthmann, 2013).…”

Section: Aoi Sizementioning

confidence: 99%

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Eye tracking: empirical foundations for a minimal reporting guideline

et al. 2022

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In this paper, we present a review of how the various aspects of any study using an eye tracker (such as the instrument, methodology, environment, participant, etc.) affect the quality of the recorded eye-tracking data and the obtained eye-movement and gaze measures. We take this review to represent the empirical foundation for reporting guidelines of any study involving an eye tracker. We compare this empirical foundation to five existing reporting guidelines and to a database of 207 published eye-tracking studies. We find that reporting guidelines vary substantially and do not match with actual reporting practices. We end by deriving a minimal, flexible reporting guideline based on empirical research (Section “An empirically based minimal reporting guideline”).

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Section: Aoi Sizementioning

confidence: 99%

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Eye tracking: empirical foundations for a minimal reporting guideline

et al. 2022

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“…The gap here between localization and identification speaks to the respective capabilities of peripheral and foveal vision. Peripheral vision is sufficient for drivers to notice that something has changed and to tell them where that change occurred, which is sufficient to plan a saccade, but fixating the changed object is often necessary to determine identity (Clayden et al, 2020 ; David et al, 2021 ; Motter & Simoni, 2008 ; Nuthmann, 2014 ).…”

Section: Qualitative Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peripheral vision in real-world tasks: A systematic review

2022

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Peripheral vision is fundamental for many real-world tasks, including walking, driving, and aviation. Nonetheless, there has been no effort to connect these applied literatures to research in peripheral vision in basic vision science or sports science. To close this gap, we analyzed 60 relevant papers, chosen according to objective criteria. Applied research, with its real-world time constraints, complex stimuli, and performance measures, reveals new functions of peripheral vision. Peripheral vision is used to monitor the environment (e.g., road edges, traffic signs, or malfunctioning lights), in ways that differ from basic research. Applied research uncovers new actions that one can perform solely with peripheral vision (e.g., steering a car, climbing stairs). An important use of peripheral vision is that it helps compare the position of one’s body/vehicle to objects in the world. In addition, many real-world tasks require multitasking, and the fact that peripheral vision provides degraded but useful information means that tradeoffs are common in deciding whether to use peripheral vision or move one’s eyes. These tradeoffs are strongly influenced by factors like expertise, age, distraction, emotional state, task importance, and what the observer already knows. These tradeoffs make it hard to infer from eye movements alone what information is gathered from peripheral vision and what tasks we can do without it. Finally, we recommend three ways in which basic, sport, and applied science can benefit each other’s methodology, furthering our understanding of peripheral vision more generally.

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“…Consequently, the involvement of central foveal vision in the search task is optional in children with highly developed reading skills. This idea that foveal vision is optional in the search task is supported by research [20]. The necessity of high-acuity foveal vision for achieving normal search performance in naturalistic scenes has been challenged.…”

Section: Interdisciplinary Aspects Of Children's Speech Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the results of the current experiments indicate that the FVF is more complex than this initial understanding. Firstly, we observe and process stimuli across the visual field beyond the boundaries of the Attentional FVF [20], [23]. Secondly, it has always been evident that the characteristics of the task and stimuli influence the FVF.…”

Section: Interdisciplinary Aspects Of Children's Speech Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

How do Eye Movements and Visual Attention in Letter-Finding Tasks Differ in Children with Different Levels of Reading Skills?

Shajhutdinova

2023

Vestn. Ross. univ. družby nar., Ser. Teor. âzyka semiot. semant

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Children with different levels of reading proficiency demonstrate different information processing speed, reading accuracy and cognitive strategies. The study presents the results of analyses of eye movement features when performing letter search tasks in lexical and sub-lexical environments. The task of searching for a particular grapheme by the respondents is approximated to real-life conditions, since in the course of language learning students regularly face the tasks of searching for certain orthograms in educational texts or self-checking tasks (i.e., errors in their own texts), which is especially important for children with dysorphographia, regulatory dysgraphia, and other learning difficulties. Forty-nine children aged 9 to 10 years participated in the study. Reading skills were assessed using the Standardized Assessment of Reading Skills (SARS). Nonverbal intelligence was assessed by using Raven’s coloured progressive matrices. Participants performed a letter search task in text and letter list, eye movements were recorded using the EyeLink 1000 Plus eye tracker. Rank correlation analyses showed that the level of reading skill development was related to the efficiency of finding specific items in a given context. In addition, the duration and number of gaze fixations on the searched units in the letter list were not always related to the number of correct answers, indicating a complex process of visual attention during the search task. In addition, it was observed that foveal vision was not always necessary for performing search tasks in children with normally developed reading skill levels. The study also investigated the concept of functional visual field and how the surroundings of the items being searched affect the attentional mechanisms involved in visual search. Overall, this study provides evidence on the relationship between reading skills, attention and visual information processing, which contributes to understanding reading strategies in children with dyslexia and creating new methods for screening children with dyslexia in the future.

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On the relative (un)importance of foveal vision during letter search in naturalistic scenes

Cited by 9 publications

References 76 publications

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Eye tracking: empirical foundations for a minimal reporting guideline

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Eye tracking: empirical foundations for a minimal reporting guideline

Peripheral vision in real-world tasks: A systematic review

How do Eye Movements and Visual Attention in Letter-Finding Tasks Differ in Children with Different Levels of Reading Skills?

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