On the Relation between Movements and the Shape of Somites in Early Embryos of the Teleost Brachydanio Rerio

Raamsdonk, W. van; Pool, C.W.; Mijzen, P; Mos, W.; Stelt, A. van der

doi:10.1163/26660644-04602011

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Interestingly, it has been shown that the angle of inflection of chordate myomeres is related to function (Van Der Stelt 1968). The angle of inflection in the conodonts (80"-90") is similar to values measured in teleost larvae (Van Raamsdonk et a/. 1977) but greater than angles in Branchiostorna (60°-70").…”

Section: Trunk Musculaturesupporting

confidence: 76%

Conodont anatomy, chordate phylogeny and vertebrate classification

Donoghue

Purnell

Aldridge

1998

LET

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Interpretations of conodont anatomy and affinity continue to generate controversy. Fossilized soft-tissue evidence indicates that conodonts possessed eyes, extrinsic eye muscles, a notochord, myomeres, a differentiated tail with fin radials, possible otic capsules and possible branchial structures. Indirect evidence suggests a differentiated brain and cartilaginous head skeleton. The multi-component phosphatic tissue complexes of the conodont feeding apparatus cannot be compared to the amorphous apatite of extant agnathan otoliths. By limiting cladistic analysis to a restricted selection of these characters the hypothesis that conodonts are a sister group of the clade comprising extant hagfish, lampreys and gnathostomes can be supported. However, exhaustive analysis of a more complete character-set strongly supports the hypothesis that conodonts are more derived than hagfish. From a taxonomic perspective, these two hypotheses have no effect on how conodonts should be classified. Whether they are a stem group (the former hypothesis) or part of the crown group (the latter), conodonts are clearly part of the total group Vertebrata (=Craniata).

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Section: Trunk Musculaturesupporting

confidence: 76%

Conodont anatomy, chordate phylogeny and vertebrate classification

Donoghue

Purnell

Aldridge

1998

LET

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“…Microscopic, immunological, and histochemical examination reveals a greater diversity of fish muscle fiber types. The myotome of the adult zebrafish is composed of five distinguishable layers of muscle cells: 1) the superficial adult red layer, 2) the intermediate pink layer, 3) the deep white layer, 4) the scattered dorsal and ventral fiber layer, and 5) the red muscle rim layer (Van Raamsdonk et al 1978, 1980, 1982aWaterman 1969). At one extreme, superficial red fibers have small diameters, contain many mitochondria, have a rich blood supply, and have metabolic specializations, making them suitable for sustained activity but not rapid contractions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At a physiological level, the first movements (17 h) (Saint-Amant and Drapeau 1998) are observed shortly after neuromuscular innervation commences (Liu and Westerfield 1992), which is when muscle contractile properties emerge (Van Raamsdonk et al 1977). Muscle pioneers are the first fibers contacted by primary motoneurons, the first to form functional synapses, and the first to contract (Melancon et al 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Secondary motoneurons begin to innervate muscle at ϳ26 h (Myers et al 1986), and swimming is first observed soon after at 27 h (Saint-Amant and Drapeau 1998). At this period, all fibers have metabolic properties similar to adult white muscle, i.e., they are fatigable, and it is not until near the fifth day that the superficial fibers begin to acquire the metabolic characteristics of adult red muscle (Van Raamsdonk et al 1978). However, even at this early age, both fibers have distinct red and white myofibrillar properties (Blagden et al 1997), but their functional roles are unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Physiological Properties of Zebrafish Embryonic Red and White Muscle Fibers During Early Development

Buss

Drapeau

2000

Journal of Neurophysiology

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The zebrafish is a model organism for studies of vertebrate muscle differentiation and development. However, an understanding of fish muscle physiology during this period is limited. We examined the membrane, contractile, electrical coupling, and synaptic properties of embryonic red (ER) and white (EW) muscle fibers in developing zebrafish from 1 to 5 days postfertilization. Resting membrane potentials were -73 mV in 1 day ER and -78 mV in 1 day EW muscle and depolarized 17 and 7 mV, respectively, by 5 days. Neither fiber type exhibited action potentials. Current-voltage relationships were linear in EW fibers and day 1 ER fibers but were outwardly rectifying in some ER fibers at 3 to 5 days. Both ER and EW fibers were contractile at all ages examined (1 to 5 days) and could follow trains of electrical stimulation of up to 30 Hz without fatiguing for up to 5 min. Synaptic activity consisting of miniature endplate potentials (mEPPs) was observed at the earliest ages examined (1.2-1. 4 days) in both ER and EW fibers. Synaptic activity increased in frequency, and mEPP amplitudes were larger by 5 days. Miniature EPP rise times and half-widths decreased in ER fibers by 5 days, while EW fiber mEPPs showed fast kinetics as early as 1.2-1.4 days. ER and EW muscle fibers showed extensive dye coupling but not heterologous (red-white) coupling. Dye coupling decreased by 3 days yet remained at 5 days. Somites were electrically coupling, and this allowed filtered synaptic potentials to spread from myotome to myotome. It is concluded that at early developmental stages the physiological properties of ER and EW muscle are similar but not identical and are optimized to the patterns of swimming observed at these stages.

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“…The shape of individual myotomes and the orientation of muscle fibres varies between elasmobranches, primitive and advanced teleosts, along the length of the body and during development (van der Stelt, 1968;Alexander 1969;Raamsdonk, 1977). In both elasmobranchs and teleosts all but the most superficial fibres make varying angles up to 40° with the longitudinal axis of the body (van der Stelt, 1968;Alexander, 1969).…”

Section: Fast White Musclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the design of fish myotomal muscles

Johnston

1983

Marine Behaviour and Physiology

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The physiology of fish myotomal muscle is reviewed and discussed in relation to swimming behaviour. Slow muscle fibres are arranged in parallel to the longitudinal body axis whereas fast fibres make varying angles of up to 40°. This pattern of organisation enables individual fast fibres to produce large bending moments in the trunk for almost isometric contractions (7-9% resting length for elasmobranchs and 2-3% resting length for teleosts). There is an orderly recruitment of slow red > fast red > fast white fibres with increasing swimming speed. The tail-beat frequency required to produce maximum speed varies inversely with body-length. Larvae and small fish have tail-beat frequencies up to 60 Hz. Adaptations for rapid cycles of contraction in fast muscles include an extensive sarcoplasmic reticulum and high concentrations (~1 mM) of cytoplasmic Ca 2+ -binding proteins.

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On the Relation between Movements and the Shape of Somites in Early Embryos of the Teleost Brachydanio Rerio

Cited by 13 publications

References 3 publications

Conodont anatomy, chordate phylogeny and vertebrate classification

Conodont anatomy, chordate phylogeny and vertebrate classification

Physiological Properties of Zebrafish Embryonic Red and White Muscle Fibers During Early Development

On the design of fish myotomal muscles

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