On the reinterpretation of resonances in split-ring-resonators at normal incidence

Rockstuhl, Carsten; Lederer, F.; Etrich, C.; Zentgraf, Thomas; Kühl, J.; Gießen, Harald

doi:10.1364/oe.14.008827

Cited by 288 publications

(221 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Similar stabilities in optical response have been identified both theoretically and experimentally in similar systems showing long-range interactions 52,53,55 and even in metamaterials. 61,62 Our results thus point toward a similar effect, with the number of particles being the key aspect in producing the stability of the response (assuming a fixed gap distance as in our case), independent of the disorder of the whole chain. Two-Dimensional Aggregates.…”

Section: ■ Resultssupporting

confidence: 72%

How Chain Plasmons Govern the Optical Response in Strongly Interacting Self-Assembled Metallic Clusters of Nanoparticles

et al. 2012

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Self-assembled clusters of metallic nanoparticles separated by nanometric gaps generate strong plasmonic modes that support both intense and localized near fields. These find use in many ultrasensitive chemical and biological sensing applications through surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). The inability to control at the nanoscale the structure of the clusters on which the optical response crucially depends, has led to the development of general descriptions to model the various morphologies fabricated. Here, we use rigorous electrodynamic calculations to study clusters formed by a hundred nanospheres that are separated by ∼1 nm distance, set by the dimensions of the macrocyclic molecular linker employed experimentally. Three-dimensional (3D) cluster structures of moderate compactness are of special interest since they resemble self-assembled clusters grown under typical diffusion-limited aggregation conditions. We find very good agreement between the simulated and measured far-field extinction spectra, supporting the equivalence of the assumed and experimental morphologies. From these results we argue that the main features of the optical response of two-and three-dimensional clusters can be understood in terms of the excitation of simple units composed of different length resonant chains. Notably, we observe a qualitative difference between short-and long-chain modes in both spectral response and spatial distribution: dimer and shortchain modes are observed in the periphery of the cluster at higher energies, whereas inside the structure longer chain excitation occurs at lower energies. We study in detail different configurations of isolated one-dimensional chains as prototypical building blocks for large clusters, showing that the optical response of the chains is robust to disorder. This study provides an intuitive understanding of the behavior of very complex aggregates and may be generalized to other types of aggregates and systems formed by large numbers of strongly interacting particles.

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Section: ■ Resultssupporting

confidence: 72%

How Chain Plasmons Govern the Optical Response in Strongly Interacting Self-Assembled Metallic Clusters of Nanoparticles

et al. 2012

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“…2a,b also including a typical measured QD-PL spectrum of uncoupled QDs (PL 0 ) visualizing the sample-and the mode-dependent spectral overlap of the QD-PL spectrum with the plasmonic modes of the split-ring-resonator metamaterial. In both polarizations, the characteristic (higher-order) plasmonic resonances [37][38][39] are clearly visible in the spectral region of interest between 700 and 1,000 nm wavelength.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Here we study experimentally the emission enhancement in a system of QDs coupled to a magnetic metamaterial consisting of split-ring resonators (SRRs), the prototype magnetic metamaterial [33][34][35][36] characterized by several well-known plasmonic resonances [37][38][39] . In contrast to previous work investigating PL enhancement in single nanoparticles and nanoantennas 3,40,41 or in Fano-type 30,42,43 and hyperbolic metamaterials 31,32 , our SRR metamaterial supports both electric and magnetic modes that are spectrally matched to the emission of semiconductor QDs at around l QD ¼ 800 nm wavelength.…”

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confidence: 99%

Dual-channel spontaneous emission of quantum dots in magnetic metamaterials

et al. 2013

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Metamaterials, artificial electromagnetic media realized by subwavelength nano-structuring, have become a paradigm for engineering electromagnetic space, allowing for independent control of both electric and magnetic responses of the material. Whereas most metamaterials studied so far are limited to passive structures, the need for active metamaterials is rapidly growing. However, the fundamental question on how the energy of emitters is distributed between both (electric and magnetic) interaction channels of the metamaterial still remains open. Here we study simultaneous spontaneous emission of quantum dots into both of these channels and define the control parameters for tailoring the quantum-dot coupling to metamaterials. By superimposing two orthogonal modes of equal strength at the wavelength of quantum-dot photoluminescence, we demonstrate a sharp difference in their interaction with the magnetic and electric metamaterial modes. Our observations reveal the importance of mode engineering for spontaneous emission control in metamaterials, paving a way towards loss-compensated metamaterials and metamaterial nanolasers.

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“…The concept of a gap-capacitive LC circuit model makes it possible to estimate the fundamental resonances of the SRRs; nevertheless, additional multiple plasmonic resonances of SRRs [35,[44][45][46][47] were also numerically and experimentally observed recently, an outcome that cannot be interpreted by reference to the gap-capacitive LC circuit model and that still requires a clear explanation. As a consequence, a general model of standing-wave plasmonic resonances reveals the possibility of interpreting SRRs' multiple responses under orthogonal electric excitations.…”

Section: Split-ring Resonatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enriching the Symmetry of Maxwell Equations through Unprecedented Magnetic Responses of Artificial Metamaterials and Their Revolutionary Applications

et al. 2011

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Abstract:The major issue regarding magnetic response in nature-"negative values for the permeability μ of material parameters, especially in terahertz or optical region" makes the electromagnetic properties of natural materials asymmetric. Recently, research in metamaterials has grown in significance because these artificial materials can demonstrate special and, indeed, extraordinary electromagnetic phenomena such as the inverse of Snell's law and novel applications. A critical topic in metamaterials is the artificial negative magnetic response, which can be designed in the higher frequency regime (from microwave to optical range). Artificial magnetism illustrates new physics and new applications, which have been demonstrated over the past few years. In this review, we present recent developments in research on artificial magnetic metamaterials including split-ring resonator structures, sandwich structures, and high permittivity-based dielectric composites. Engineering applications such as invisibility cloaking, negative refractive index medium, and slowing light fall into this category. We also discuss the possibility that metamaterials can be suitable for realizing new and exotic electromagnetic properties. OPEN ACCESSSymmetry 2011, 3 284

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On the reinterpretation of resonances in split-ring-resonators at normal incidence

Cited by 288 publications

References 19 publications

How Chain Plasmons Govern the Optical Response in Strongly Interacting Self-Assembled Metallic Clusters of Nanoparticles

How Chain Plasmons Govern the Optical Response in Strongly Interacting Self-Assembled Metallic Clusters of Nanoparticles

Dual-channel spontaneous emission of quantum dots in magnetic metamaterials

Enriching the Symmetry of Maxwell Equations through Unprecedented Magnetic Responses of Artificial Metamaterials and Their Revolutionary Applications

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