On the realized gain of arrays

Hessel, A.; Sureau, J.-C.

doi:10.1109/tap.1971.1139871

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Definition of η ∞ (u) given in (8) is similar to that of standard efficiency factor η(u) [9] or as denoted in [2] η 2 (u). In (8), L ∞ norm of the vector of active powers at the array feeds is used, whereas η 2 (u) uses total active power at the array feeds, i.e.…”

Section: Methods Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Minimax pattern synthesis with element power constrains for transmitting antenna arrays

Dotlic

2014

2014 International Symposium on Wireless Personal Multimedia Communications (WPMC)

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The paper introduces an efficiency factor useful for the pattern synthesis of the transmitting antenna arrays with each array element being fed by its own power amplifier, active power of which is limited. The factor is based on the L∞ norm of the active powers at the elements' feeds with mutual coupling between elements taken into account. Two Second Order Cone Programming (SOCP) based methods of the array radiation pattern synthesis that maximize this factor are formulated. After that, minimax array radiation pattern synthesis method with this factor constrained is described. As an illustration of its features, the method is applied on the pattern synthesis of a 15-element antenna array model obtained from the method of moments EM simulation.

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Section: Methods Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Minimax pattern synthesis with element power constrains for transmitting antenna arrays

Dotlic

2014

2014 International Symposium on Wireless Personal Multimedia Communications (WPMC)

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“…The last precoding/beamforming technique considered is MF; this beamforming technique maximizes the gain of the array towards the users, and can be interpreted as steering the beams in the user directions [ 36 ]. However, it does not take into account any interference mitigation.…”

Section: System Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Closed-Form Power Normalization Methods for a Satellite MIMO System

Segneri

Baldominos

Goussetis

et al. 2022

Sensors

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The paper proposes a new set of normalization techniques for precoding/beamforming matrices applicable to broadband multiuser multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) satellite systems. The proposed techniques adapt known normalization methods to account for the signal attenuation experienced by users due to the degradation of antenna gain and free space losses towards the edge of the coverage. We use, as an example, an array-fed reflector (AFR) antenna onboard a satellite in geosynchronous orbit (GEO), which provides a favorable trade-off between high-directivity, reconfigurability, and the requirement for digital processing, but suffers from high scan losses away from broadside due to optical aberrations when considered for global coverage applications. Three different precoding/beamforming techniques are employed, namely zero forcing (ZF), minimum mean squared error (MMSE), and matched filtering (MF). Low-complexity power normalization techniques digitally applied after the beamformer are introduced that, in the absence of any atmospheric effects, lead to iso-flux-like characteristics whilst satisfying the power constraint per feed. In comparison with other methods reported in the literature, mainly based on iterative algorithms, the proposed techniques consist in closed-form expressions to provide uniform signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and signal-to-noise plus interference ratio (SNIR) across the users without significant impact on the payload sum rate. Numerical results are presented to comparatively demonstrate the achieved performance in terms of total capacity and distribution of SNR and SNIR at various noise and interference scenarios.

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“…The basic principle of the Matched Filter 2 (MF) is derived from diversity combining techniques [21] and correspond to maximization of the realized gain of the array [22] obtained as…”

Section: ) Matched Filtermentioning

confidence: 99%

A Pragmatic Approach to Massive MIMO for Broadband Communication Satellites

Angeletti

Gaudenzi

2020

IEEE Access

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In this paper, we analyze the performance of Massive Multiple Input Multiple Output (M-MIMO) techniques aiming at increasing the throughput of broadband satellites. In particular, we investigate a "pragmatic" approach to the design of the M-MIMO to ease its implementation both at system and satellite payload level. We compare the performance of optimized classical Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE), Zero Forcing (ZF), Matched Filter (MF) schemes with the proposed "pragmatic" M-MIMO one dubbed fixed Multi-Beam (MB). To further boost the M-MIMO performance, a novel radio resource management approach based on Mixed Integer Quadratic Programming (MIQDP-RRM) is proposed. The adoption of MIQDP-RRM is shown to greatly enhance the M-MIMO throughput performance. It is shown that the MB scheme closely approximate the MF, ZF and MMSE performance with a much simpler active antenna-based payload architecture and without requiring any user channel estimation. The MB MIQDP-RRM M-MIMO pragmatic solution allows to achieve higher satellite broadband throughput compared to a conventional four colors frequency reuse scheme (CFR) with affordable complexity for both space and ground segments. At the same time we show that by non-conventional CFR multi-beam array design, the performance gap compared to MB MIQDP-RRM M-MIMO can be significantly reduced.

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On the realized gain of arrays

Abstract: Measured [3] Free space YllO/Yg = 0.748 Yl10/Yg = 0 . i 5 Space-c1ot.h YI1P/ Y = 5.95 Y11P/Y, = 5 . 9 f j0.434

Cited by 15 publications

References 1 publication

Minimax pattern synthesis with element power constrains for transmitting antenna arrays

Minimax pattern synthesis with element power constrains for transmitting antenna arrays

Closed-Form Power Normalization Methods for a Satellite MIMO System

A Pragmatic Approach to Massive MIMO for Broadband Communication Satellites

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