On the rapid and non-destructive approach for barbiturates, benzodiazepines, and phenothiazines determination and differentiation using spectral combination analysis and chemometric methods

Ante- and Post-Mortem Fracture Identification Protocol Based on Low- and High-Level Fusion Using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Raman Spectroscopy Association

“…The explanation is that spectral fusion enables the merging of complementary data from different spectra to produce more comprehensive and richer spectral data. 36 The LLF model performed marginally better than the Raman model, however, when compared to other models, the HLF model performed considerably better. The model generated by LLF + HLF had CV accuracy and test data set accuracy of 0.86 and 0.87, respectively.…”

Interpol Review of Drug Analysis 2019-2022

“…2020 solutions for the selective electrochemical analysis for the detection of cocaine in speedball-like polydrug samples adulterated with heroin and codeine [ 821 ]; review of electrochemical detection of illicit drugs (such as cocaine, heroin, and (meth)amphetamine), their precursors and derivatives in different matrices [ 822 ]; an approach to identify and estimate the purity of white powders as amphetamine, cocaine, ketamine or others using spectroscopic techniques hyphenated with partial least squares (PLS) modelling [ 823 ]; electron ionization (EI) and electrospray ionization (ESI) high-resolution mass spectrometry fragmentation pathways and characteristic ions of 25 novel fentanyl analogues and 5 novel synthetic opioids to provide a reference for the identification of these compounds [ 651 ]; 2021 UHPLC-MS/MS method to determine the designer benzodiazepines (clonazolam, deschloroetizolam, nifoxipam, flubromazolam and meclonazepam), and the Z-hypnotics (zolpidem, zaleplon and zopiclone) [ 824 ]; an ultrasonic cutter-assisted non-thermal desorption (non-TD) method for ultra-trace level detection of different types of nonvolatile compounds such as drugs of abuse, explosives, pharmaceuticals, spinosad, cholesterol, rhodamine B, glucose and amino acids [ 825 ]; HR-EIS-QTOF-MS comparison study of in-source versus beam-type collision-induced dissociation for fentanyl analogues and synthetic cathinones [ 826 ]; ATR-FTIR method used with PCA, Fisher discriminant analysis (FDA), and K nearest neighbor analysis (KNN) to develop a method for differentiating barbiturates, benzodiazepines, and phenothiazines [ 827 ]; H-1 and F-19 NMR spectroscopy method for the dection, discrimination and quantification of amphetamine, cathinone and nor-ephedrine regioisomers [ 828 ]; validated UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS method for determination of 19 psychoactive substances, including nine amphetamine-type stimulants and 10 synthetic cathinone derivatives [ 829 ]; review of the research on chiral separation of amphetamines, ketamine, cathinones [ 830 ]; 2022 Comparison of two seized drug workflows for the analysis of synthetic cannabinoids, cathinones, and opioids that includes color tests for screening with GC-FID and GC-MS analyses for confirmation verus DART-MS screening with class-specific (targeted) GC-MS [ 831 ].…”

Ultrasound and surfactant‐assisted dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction prior to poly(ethylene oxide)‐mediated stacking in CE for highly sensitive determination of barbiturates in human fluids

“…Various methods have been reported for the determination of barbiturate drugs, such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) [4,5], gas chromatography (GC) [6,7], capillary electrophoresis (CE) [8], electrochemistry [9], and spectrophotometry [10]. Among these methods, CE offers advantages such as rapid analysis, high resolution, and minimal sample and reagent consumption.…”