On the Question of the Feminization of Production on Part‐time Farms: Evidence from Norway<sup>1</sup>

Blekesaune, Arild; Haney, Wava G.; Haugen, Marit S.

doi:10.1111/j.1549-0831.1993.tb00485.x

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…Adult men, in contrast, rarely did "women's" domestic work (i.e., cooking, laundry, cleaning, sewing, and infant care), although boys sometimes did. The deployment of female labor in agricultural production and the lack of adult male involvement in housework, again, confirms the findings of previous research on this topic (Adams 1994:84-106;Blekesaune et al 1993;Fink 1992:26).…”

Section: Gender and The Division Of Laborsupporting

confidence: 87%

Drudges, Helpers and Team Players: Oral Historical Accounts of Farm Work in Appalachian Kentucky¹

Scott

1996

Rural Sociology

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Based upon oral history interviews with 49 agriculturalists from Harlan and Letcher Counties, Kentucky, this paper documents the gender division of labor among these farm families, from the 1920s through the present. It also compares 17 wives' and husbands' accounts of farm work. While these data generally conform to patterns documented in previous sociological investigations of gender roles on family farms, a comparison of men's and women's accounts of farm work and life suggests several issues relevant to research on gender and farm families. First, women and men differ in their descriptions of work and in the words they use to describe farm ownership. In addition, men's discussions of the work of their wives, sisters, and daughters vary significantly from their descriptions of the work of their mothers and grandmothers. And, finally, these accounts suggest that there are gender differences in attitudes toward farming. Each of these areas raises questions that merit further empirical investigation.

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Section: Gender and The Division Of Laborsupporting

confidence: 87%

Drudges, Helpers and Team Players: Oral Historical Accounts of Farm Work in Appalachian Kentucky¹

Scott

1996

Rural Sociology

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“…In the feminisation of agriculture thesis we see that women's use of technology on farms has been encouraged in countries like Germany (Pfeffer 1989) and Norway (Blekesaune et al 1993. The collision between the modernisation of agriculture and capitalist development has meant that work roles for men and women on farms have come under increasing pressure to change in the search for survival strategies against the realities of reduced farm incomes.…”

Section: Masculinities and The Appropriation Of Farming Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other studies show glimpses of women driving tractors (Saugeres 2002b;Pini 2005aPini , 2005b in the masculine space. In some instances, in taking up either full-time or part-time farming these women are seen to be creating a new gender identity for themselves (Blekesaune et al 1993;Pini 2005a). In other examples women who drive tractors are seen to either feminise the masculine space of agriculture, or to be deviating from the feminine norms of agriculture: 'she's not really a woman, she's half a man' (Saugeres 2002c, p. 641), which position women in domestic roles as nurturers and therefore as inept with machinery.…”

Section: Masculinities and The Appropriation Of Farming Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retracted: Masculinities in the Rural and the Agricultural: A Literature Review

Coldwell

2009

Sociologia Ruralis

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This article provides a summary of social science studies at the nexus of masculinity and the rural, particularly the agricultural. These studies began to emerge in the rural social science literature in 1995, when Berit Brandth pioneered the study of masculinities and farming practices in Norway. The studies reviewed here are particularly important as they begin to focus on men and masculinities in the rural and the agricultural, categories that previously had been the assumed, yet invisible subject of rural studies. The studies also link masculinity to farming practices in a number of ways that clearly have implications for the future of farming in terms of ecological crises across social, economic and environmental rural landscapes. The aim of this article is twofold; to gain a deeper understanding of the relationship between masculine identities and farming practices and to identify possible theoretical pathways for future research that might assist us to identify and develop more sustainable ways of farming and rural life. S tudies have shown agriculture in Australia and other western nations to be a masculine domain of social practice where men see themselves as the farmers and the name 'farmer' is analogous to the identities and practices of men. In the context of current social, economic and environmental concerns that are perceived to threaten the sustainability of agriculture and many of its rural communities, it therefore seems likely that much of what has taken place historically in the practices of agriculture has a lot to do with men and therefore with masculinity. It follows that the future sustainability of agriculture will also have a lot to do with men and therefore with masculinity. Here, a review of the literature is used as a starting point in attempting to understand current knowledge about the relationships between masculinity and the rural, particularly the agricultural. Such an understanding is able to inform further necessary work in documenting the emerging story of agriculture and its farmers in the context of sustainability.Most current knowledge about masculinity in the rural and the agricultural emerged in discourse analysis from studies organised around the concept of gender as social practice within a framework informed by hegemonic masculinity theory (Campbell et al. 2006). The concept and theory have been used widely in

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“…Women have primarily taken off-farm work and decreased their involvement in agriculture, 8−12 but the reverse has also occurred, with increased engagement of women in farming, i.e., shouldering the responsibilities for farm work to minimize the dependence on hired labor while men take on more highly paid work, e.g., contract or driving work. 13−15 However, despite these changes, research shows that there has been no significant renegotiation of the sexual division of labor in the household 8,[16][17][18] or on the farm. 19 The farm work and domestic work done by women are still largely invisible, 20−24 which is one of the main reasons for the lack of research on women's work-related risks, health and injuries on the farm, 25 and their absence from official statistics.…”

Section: Gendered Agricultural Space and Safetymentioning

confidence: 99%

Gendered Agricultural Space and Safety: Towards Embodied, Situated Knowledge

Andersson

Lundqvist

2014

Journal of Agromedicine

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The changing conditions, technologies, and labor markets have shifted the gender division of labor on the farm. Women have taken on off-farm labor, but also increased their involvement in agriculture. The work and occupational risks of women have received less attention and are to great extent invisible. The spatial division between on-farm, off-farm, and domestic work is one contributing factor to the situation. The different situations and contexts of agriculture increase the need for knowledge regarding the processes and positions of farming. Through analyzing the literature on the topic, this study examined the gendered understanding of occupational health and safety in Western agriculture and how the embodied positions on the farm can affect women's exposure to risks and their knowledge about injury prevention. The findings are being discussed and framed in a dialogue with a gender theoretical framework, with the aim to produce a more comprehensive understanding of health and safety in agriculture through improving and refining methods. The review stresses the need of further gender research and the incorporation of qualitative methods, to increase the knowledge and understanding of the gendered relations, bodies, and situated knowledge of agricultural spaces.

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On the Question of the Feminization of Production on Part‐time Farms: Evidence from Norway¹

Cited by 13 publications

References 18 publications

Drudges, Helpers and Team Players: Oral Historical Accounts of Farm Work in Appalachian Kentucky¹

Drudges, Helpers and Team Players: Oral Historical Accounts of Farm Work in Appalachian Kentucky¹

Retracted: Masculinities in the Rural and the Agricultural: A Literature Review

Gendered Agricultural Space and Safety: Towards Embodied, Situated Knowledge

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On the Question of the Feminization of Production on Part‐time Farms: Evidence from Norway1

Cited by 13 publications

References 18 publications

Drudges, Helpers and Team Players: Oral Historical Accounts of Farm Work in Appalachian Kentucky1

Drudges, Helpers and Team Players: Oral Historical Accounts of Farm Work in Appalachian Kentucky1

Retracted: Masculinities in the Rural and the Agricultural: A Literature Review

Gendered Agricultural Space and Safety: Towards Embodied, Situated Knowledge

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

On the Question of the Feminization of Production on Part‐time Farms: Evidence from Norway¹

Drudges, Helpers and Team Players: Oral Historical Accounts of Farm Work in Appalachian Kentucky¹

Drudges, Helpers and Team Players: Oral Historical Accounts of Farm Work in Appalachian Kentucky¹