On the Quark Scaling Theorem and the Polarisable Dipole of the Quark in a Scalar Field

Abstract

In this article the possible impact on the present state of particle physics theory is discussed of two unrecognized theoretical elements. These elements are the awareness that (a) the quark is a Dirac particle with a polarisable dipole moment in a scalar field and that (b) Dirac’s wave equation for fermions, if derived from Einstein’s geodesic equation, reveals a scaling theorem for quarks. It is shown that recognition of these elements proves by theory quite some relationships that are up to now only empirically assessed, such as for instance, the mass relationships between the elementary quarks, the relationship between the bare mass and the constituent mass of quarks, the mass spectrum of hadrons and the mass values of the Z boson and the Higgs boson.

The Impact of the Quark’s Monopole Properties on the Unification of the Fundamental Physical Forces

“…difference is caused by the interaction of the nuclear spins an Z boson under influence of the nuclear spin flip from parallel to anti [5], this expression allows to calculate the correction as 91.16 GeV. Fig.…”

“…The work to be described in this document is an extension on earlier work, in which hadrons have been described in terms of quarks that are conceived as Dirac particles of a particular type that possess the unique property of having a polarisable dipole moment in scalar potential field [5]. It has been shown and justified that the quark can be modelled as an energetic pointlike particle that erupts an energetic field ) (r Φ , which can generically be expressed as, r r…”

“…The dimensionless constant 2 k is determined by the curvature of the potential in the center of mass. These values can be straightforwardly calculated from (3) 2.36 [5].…”

“…The simple anharmonic oscillator model described by (5) enables the mass spectrum calculation of the pseudoscalar mesons as excitations from the pion state. The excitation mechanism stops beyond the bottom quark due to the loss of binding energy.…”

“…Furthermore, the quark is conceived as a classical monopole with a potential shielded by a background field from elementary constituents that are regarded as the manifestation of the canonical axiomatic Higgs field. Detailed documentation on the impact of the views that Einstein's Lambda is not a constant of nature and that the quark has two real dipole moments on, respectively, the canonical ΛCDM model of cosmology and the canonical Standard Model of particles, can be found in previous work [2,5], which will be just summarized and referenced. This article is aimed to show the merits of these controversial ideas by joining the cosmological view with the particle physics view.…”