On the profiles of the 'giant resonances' in Gd and GdF₃

The 4p-subshell photoabsorption spectrum of singly ionized molybdenum

“…Giant resonances, such as 3p → 3d and 4d → 4f transitions in atoms of the 3d and 4f transition rows of the periodic table, respectively, have been studied extensively through photoabsorption spectroscopy of the 3p subshell (Connerade et al 1976, Mansfield 1977, Bruhn et al 1978, 1979, 1982, Meyer et al 1986 and of the 4d subshell (Wolff et al 1976, Radtke 1979a, 1979b, Connerade and Pantelouris 1984. From such data it is possible to follow in detail the evolution of the giant resonances along each of these rows.…”

Observation of a 6p-6d giant dipole resonance in the VUV photoabsorption spectrum of a laser-produced thorium plasma

“…This is due in part to the difficulty of handling actinides because of the potential radiological hazard involved and the rarity of occurrence of the actinides in the natural environment. Photoionization data are available on thorium and uranium solids (Fuggle et al 1974, Cukier et al 1978, tetrafluoride vapours (Connerade et al 1980a, b) and atomic vapours (Connerade and Pantelouris 1984, Carroll and Costello 1986, 1987. These earlier vapour measurements were restricted to the XUV spectral region (80-150 eV) where 5d subshell photoabsorption dominates.…”

Photoion Spectroscopy in the4dGiant Resonances of the Lanthanides

“…[1][2][3][4] These "giant" resonances, which for many years have attracted the interest of both experimental and theoretical physicists, 5 may mainly be described by the excitation of inner-shell 4d electrons to unoccupied 4/ levels. The large overlap between the 4d and 4/ wave functions, which causes a strong coupling of the core-excited and continuum states, and the distribution of the oscillator strengths over many resonances due to the multiplet splitting of the open shells, are the main reasons for the broad features.…”