On the Problem of Hidden Variables in Quantum Mechanics

Bell, J. S.

doi:10.1103/revmodphys.38.447

Cited by 2,480 publications

(2,468 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…As observed by Feyerabend [5], Bohr accepted von Neumann's "proof" of the impossibility of hidden variables completing the quantum formalism ( [6], section IV.2), currently known to lack cogency (Bell [7]). Yet, this was not the issue for Einstein when challenging Bohr's 'completeness' idea.…”

Section: Completeness Of Quantum Mechanics 21 Two Notions Of Completmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards a Neo-Copenhagen Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics

Muynck

2004

Foundations of Physics

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The Copenhagen interpretation is critically considered. A number of ambiguities, inconsistencies and confusions are discussed. It is argued that it is possible to purge the interpretation so as to obtain a consistent and reasonable way to interpret the mathematical formalism of quantum mechanics, which is in agreement with the way this theory is dealt with in experimental practice. In particular, the essential role attributed by the Copenhagen interpretation to measurement is acknowledged. For this reason it is proposed to refer to it as a neo-Copenhagen interpretation.

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Section: Completeness Of Quantum Mechanics 21 Two Notions Of Completmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards a Neo-Copenhagen Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics

Muynck

2004

Foundations of Physics

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“…The Bell-Kochen-Specker (Bell-KS) theorem [2,3] shows that quantum mechanics is inconsistent with that natural idea.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Bell–Kochen–Specker theorem

Appleby

2005

Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part B: Studies in

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Meyer, Kent and Clifton (MKC) claim to have nullified the Bell-KochenSpecker (Bell-KS) theorem. It is true that they invalidate KS's account of the theorem's physical implications. However, they do not invalidate Bell's point, that quantum mechanics is inconsistent with the classical assumption, that a measurement tells us about a property previously possessed by the system. This failure of classical ideas about measurement is, perhaps, the single most important implication of quantum mechanics. In a conventional colouring there are some remaining patches of white. MKC fill in these patches, but only at the price of introducing patches where the colouring becomes "pathologically" discontinuous. The discontinuities mean that the colours in these patches are empirically unknowable. We prove a general theorem which shows that their extent is at least as great as the patches of white in a conventional approach. The theorem applies, not only to the MKC colourings, but also to any other such attempt to circumvent the Bell-KS theorem (Pitowsky's colourings, for example). We go on to discuss the implications. MKC do not nullify the Bell-KS theorem. They do, however, show that we did not, hitherto, properly understand the theorem. For that reason their results (and Pitowsky's earlier results) are of major importance.

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“…As first pointed out by Bell [35], Gleason's theorem actually implies the conclusion of the KochenSpecker theorem by the following argument. For any quantum state, the Born rule never assigns 0/1 probabilities to every single projector.…”

Section: Noncontextualitymentioning

confidence: 79%

“It from Bit” and the Quantum Probability Rule

Leifer

2015

The Frontiers Collection

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I argue that, on the subjective Bayesian interpretation of probability, "it from bit" requires a generalization of probability theory. This does not get us all the way to the quantum probability rule because an extra constraint, known as noncontextuality, is required. I outline the prospects for a derivation of noncontextuality within this approach and argue that it requires a realist approach to physics, or "bit from it". I then explain why this does not conflict with "it from bit". This version of the essay includes an addendum responding to the open discussion that occurred on the FQXi website. It is otherwise identical to the version submitted to the contest.

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On the Problem of Hidden Variables in Quantum Mechanics

Cited by 2,480 publications

References 7 publications

Towards a Neo-Copenhagen Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics

Towards a Neo-Copenhagen Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics

The Bell–Kochen–Specker theorem

“It from Bit” and the Quantum Probability Rule

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