On the prediction of relativistic electron fluence based on its relationship with geomagnetic activity over a solar cycle

Lam, Hing-Lan

doi:10.1016/j.jastp.2004.08.002

Cited by 27 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…It is well known that high‐speed streams can heat (energize) the outer electron radiation belt to produce high fluxes of ∼MeV “killer electrons” [ Paulikas and Blake , 1976; Love et al , 2000; Lam , 2004; Borovsky and Denton , 2006, 2010c]. In Figure 5 an overview of a high‐speed‐stream‐driven storm is shown via a superposition of data from 93 high‐speed‐stream‐driven storms.…”

Section: Overview Of the Outer Electron Radiation Belt During High‐spmentioning

confidence: 99%

A survey of the anisotropy of the outer electron radiation belt during high-speed-stream-driven storms

Borovsky

Denton

2011

J. Geophys. Res.

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[1] Electron measurements on board six spacecraft in geosynchronous orbit are superposed-epoch analyzed for 42 high-speed-stream-driven storms. Using pitch angle-resolved fluxes in the range 30 keV to 1.7 MeV, the evolution of the outer electron radiation belt and the suprathermal tail of the electron plasma sheet are studied. The outer electron radiation belt exhibits perpendicular-dominated anisotropies on the dayside and parallel-dominated anisotropies on the nightside consistent with shell splitting in a distorted magnetosphere. The magnitudes of the radiation-belt anisotropies are weak prior to storm onset and become very large during the storms. The magnitudes of the anisotropies lessen with time as the storm ages and the radiation belt heats, probably owing to a weakening of the magnetic field distortion as the storm ages. When a calm before the storm occurs, the dayside radiation belt approaches isotropy, probably owing to pitch angle scattering in the outer plasmasphere that fills during the calm. If no calm before the storm occurs, the dayside radiation belt is strongly perpendicular dominated. The local-time pattern of anisotropy in storms is very different for the suprathermal tail of the electron plasma sheet, which tends to be perpendicular on the nightside and isotropic elsewhere. The magnitudes of the anisotropies of the suprathermal tail are a factor of ∼10 weaker than the anisotropies of the outer electron radiation belt.Citation: Borovsky, J. E., and M. H. Denton (2011), A survey of the anisotropy of the outer electron radiation belt during high-speed-stream-driven storms,

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Section: Overview Of the Outer Electron Radiation Belt During High‐spmentioning

confidence: 99%

A survey of the anisotropy of the outer electron radiation belt during high-speed-stream-driven storms

Borovsky

Denton

2011

J. Geophys. Res.

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“…Relativistic‐electron dropouts occur both for CME‐driven storms [e.g., Bortnik et al , 2006] and for high‐speed‐stream‐driven storms [e.g., Li et al , 1997]. High‐speed‐stream‐driven storms [ Burlaga and Lepping , 1977; Tsurutani et al , 2006a, 2006b] are particularly interesting because of the robust outer‐radiation‐belt intensification over time in the days after recovery from dropout [e.g., Paulikas and Blake , 1976; Reeves , 1998; Love et al , 2000; Lam , 2004; Borovsky and Denton , 2006] [see also Rostoker et al , 1998; Mathie and Mann , 2000]. High‐speed‐stream‐driven storms are also particularly amenable to study by superposed epoch methods [cf.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relativistic‐electron dropouts and recovery: A superposed epoch study of the magnetosphere and the solar wind

2009

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[1] During 124 high-speed-stream-driven storms from two solar cycles, a multispacecraft average of the 1.1-1.5 MeV electron flux measured at geosynchronous orbit is examined to study global dropouts of the flux. Solar wind and magnetospheric measurements are analyzed with a superposed epoch technique, with the superpositions triggered by storm-convection onset, by onset of the relativistic-electron dropouts, and by recovery of the dropouts. It is found that the onset of dropout occurs after the passage of the IMF sector reversal prior to the passage of the corotating interaction region (CIR) stream interface. The recovery from dropout commences during the passage of the compressed fast wind. Relativistic-electron-dropout onset is temporally associated with the onset of the superdense ion and electron plasma sheet, with the onset of the extra-hot ion and electron plasma sheet and with the formation of the plasmaspheric drainage plume. Dropout recovery is associated with the termination of the superdense plasma sheet and with a decay of the plasmaspheric drainage plume. When there is appreciable spatial overlap of the superdense ion plasma sheet with the drainage plume, dropouts occur, and when that overlap ends, dropouts recover. This points to pitch-angle scattering by electromagnetic ion-cyclotron (EMIC) waves as the primary cause of the relativistic-electron dropouts, with the waves residing in the lumpy drainage plumes driven by the superdense ion plasma sheet. The drainage plume is caused by enhanced magnetospheric convection associated with southward (GSM) magnetic field after the IMF sector reversal. The superdense plasma sheet has its origin in the compressed slow wind of the CIR.

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“…3 show intense magnetic activity during the descending phase of a solar cycle as noted by Lam (2004). There are periods during which the auto-correlation coefficients increase considerably (see third panel of Fig.…”

Section: Recurrent Geomagnetic Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Fluxes of energetic electrons are maximized during the declining phase of the solar cycle by recurring CIR-driven storms (Lam, 2004). The increase in high-energy electron flux causes heavy dielectric charging of satellites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forecast of recurrent geomagnetic storms

Watari

2011

Advances in Space Research

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On the prediction of relativistic electron fluence based on its relationship with geomagnetic activity over a solar cycle

Cited by 27 publications

References 17 publications

A survey of the anisotropy of the outer electron radiation belt during high-speed-stream-driven storms

A survey of the anisotropy of the outer electron radiation belt during high-speed-stream-driven storms

Relativistic‐electron dropouts and recovery: A superposed epoch study of the magnetosphere and the solar wind

Forecast of recurrent geomagnetic storms

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