On the potential of urban three-dimensional space development: The case of Liuzhou, China

Abstract

The New-type Urbanization Plan in China is facing planning, economic, and environmental constraints. A fast-growing urban population imposes distinct pressure on social and natural resources in most cities. As a result, the urban land use pattern in China has rapidly expanded from planar to stereoscopic. Although the pattern has effectively maximized the utilization of land resources, the "one-size-fits-all" solution is not applicable to all cities in China. The assessment of the suitability of a city is important before the application of the "three-dimensional" (3D) development approach, especially for cities with important natural endowment at stake. This study proposes a framework to assess the potential of a city for 3D space development in China. Our model considers land use suitability, economic feasibility, and landscape visibility in urban 3D space development decisions. We use Liuzhou City as a case study to demonstrate the empirical implementation of this framework. Our analysis shows that the model can assist urban planners to visualize urban morphology and to identify optimal development directions. By balancing planning, economic, and environmental needs, our model enables local governments to meet their development targets without sacrificing the environment. The proposed framework is a useful tool for local government to realize the New-type Urbanization Plan while ensuring that urban residents "see the mountains, view the rivers, and remember their past."

Land suitability assessment for supporting transport planning based on carrying capacity and construction demand

“…Among them, the three-dimensional magic cube method has been widely used, which is a method of matrix combination with multi-dimensional input and single-dimensional output. It can achieve a good balance between highlighting significant factors and taking into account the overall score, which is conducive to achieving regional multi-target sustainable development [ 32 ]. The perspective of the study has changed from a single element to a multi-target evaluation such as meeting land development or agricultural production standards [ 33 ].…”

Spatial Analysis of the Development Potential of a Commercial District: A Case of Hong Kong

“…The viability of using 3DSAT to study urban development has been touched upon by Ranzinger and Gleixner (1997), Pullar and Tidey (2001), Zhang et al (2004), Mak et al (2005), Thill et al (2011), Leszek (2015), and Guo et al (2017Guo et al ( , 2020, all of whom achieved effective results that help with making urban planning decisions. The increased application of 3DSAT for urban development has resulted in the following proposed tools based on 3DSAT: a GIS tool for urban climate evaluation (Li et al, 2004) and for community engagement in urban planning (Foth et al, 2009); an original 3D GIS methodology developed by Wong et al (2011) for investigating the wall effect caused by the proliferation of tall buildings along the coast of Kowloon in Hong Kong; a platform for assisting decision making in urban development projects (Isaacs et al, 2011); an integrated approach for assessing residential development (Xu & Coors, 2012); and a framework for assessing the development potential of Liuzhou city in China (Xia et al, 2016). Although the above mentioned researchers tried to introduce 3D GIS to their studies, however, they only applied this technology into urban planning, landscape, and development control.…”

Urban growth prediction with parcel based 3D urban growth model (PURGOM)

“…At the same time, the insufficiency of urban facilities and green areas has become crucial. In this context, 3D change detection [6 , 19 , 22 , 29 , 37] and 3D growth estimations [3 , 9 , 15 , 17 , 32 , 34 , 35] models are developed. 3D growth is considered as high-rise building in most models.…”