On the potential influence of ice nuclei on surface‐forced marine stratocumulus cloud dynamics

Harrington, Jerry Y.; Olsson, Peter Q.

doi:10.1029/2000jd000236

Cited by 69 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(18 reference statements)

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“…In this work, strong sensitivity to aerosol soluble mass and insoluble particle type were cited. The previously cited works of Harrington and Olsson (2001) and Jiang et al (2000) demonstrated the influence of nucleation via deposition/condensation freezing on cloud lifetime. These results were strongly dependent upon the IN budget provided in the simulations and (in the case of Harrington and Olsson (2001)) whether IN were removed via precipitation or not.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The previously cited works of Harrington and Olsson (2001) and Jiang et al (2000) demonstrated the influence of nucleation via deposition/condensation freezing on cloud lifetime. These results were strongly dependent upon the IN budget provided in the simulations and (in the case of Harrington and Olsson (2001)) whether IN were removed via precipitation or not. Khvorostyanov and Curry (2004) provided a theory on ice nucleation via "deliquescent-heterogeneous freezing" (DHF, similar to condensation freezing) at temperatures readily observed within the lower troposphere (approaching 0 • C).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In mixedphase clouds, however, the scenario is more complicated as the phase of hydrometeors nucleated by aerosol particles also plays a large role in determining cloud albedo and lifetime. Studies completed by Harrington and Olsson (2001), Jiang et al (2000) and others have illustrated strong sensitivity of stratiform mixed-phase cloud lifetime to the number of ice particles nucleated. This effect was attributed in part to the Wegener-Bergeron-Findeisen mechanism (Bergeron, 1935;Findeisen, 1938;Wegener, 1911), under which ice grows at the expense of liquid due to its lower saturation vapor pressure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A numerical study of aerosol influence on mixed-phase stratiform clouds through modulation of the liquid phase

et al. 2013

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Numerical simulations were carried out in a high-resolution two-dimensional framework to increase our understanding of aerosol indirect effects in mixed-phase stratiform clouds. Aerosol characteristics explored include insoluble particle type, soluble mass fraction, influence of aerosol-induced freezing point depression and influence of aerosol number concentration. Simulations were analyzed with a focus on the processes related to liquid phase microphysics, and ice formation was limited to droplet freezing. Of the aerosol properties investigated, aerosol insoluble mass type and its associated freezing efficiency was found to be most relevant to cloud lifetime. Secondary effects from aerosol soluble mass fraction and number concentration also alter cloud characteristics and lifetime. These alterations occur via various mechanisms, including changes to the amount of nucleated ice, influence on liquid phase precipitation and ice riming rates, and changes to liquid droplet nucleation and growth rates. Alteration of the aerosol properties in simulations with identical initial and boundary conditions results in large variability in simulated cloud thickness and lifetime, ranging from rapid and complete glaciation of liquid to the production of long-lived, thick stratiform mixed-phase cloud

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A numerical study of aerosol influence on mixed-phase stratiform clouds through modulation of the liquid phase

et al. 2013

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“…Although it is clear that cloud-top radiative cooling is largely responsible for driving vertical air motions that form the liquid in these clouds (Curry 1986;Pinto 1998), it is still uncertain what role other mechanisms play and how multiple phases can exist in a colloidally unstable state for such extended periods of time. Some model studies, such as the cloud-resolving simulations of Harrington et al (1999) and Jiang et al (2000), demonstrate that mixed-phase clouds persist only under limited concentrations of ice-forming nuclei (IFN). Furthermore, there is some indication that the type of IFN and ice initiation mechanism may have an important role in defining the cloud phase balance and persistence (Morrison et al 2005b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vertical Motions in Arctic Mixed-Phase Stratiform Clouds

Shupe

Kollias

Persson

et al. 2008

Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences

144

159

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The characteristics of Arctic mixed-phase stratiform clouds and their relation to vertical air motions are examined using ground-based observations during the Mixed-Phase Arctic Cloud Experiment (MPACE) in Barrow, Alaska, during fall 2004. The cloud macrophysical, microphysical, and dynamical properties are derived from a suite of active and passive remote sensors. Low-level, single-layer, mixed-phase stratiform clouds are typically topped by a 400-700-m-deep liquid water layer from which ice crystals precipitate. These clouds are strongly dominated (85% by mass) by liquid water. On average, an in-cloud updraft of 0.4 m s Ϫ1 sustains the clouds, although cloud-scale circulations lead to a variability of up to Ϯ2 m s Ϫ1 from the average. Dominant scales-of-variability in both vertical air motions and cloud microphysical properties retrieved by this analysis occur at 0.5-10-km wavelengths. In updrafts, both cloud liquid and ice mass grow, although the net liquid mass growth is usually largest. Between updrafts, nearly all ice falls out and/or sublimates while the cloud liquid diminishes but does not completely evaporate. The persistence of liquid water throughout these cloud cycles suggests that ice-forming nuclei, and thus ice crystal, concentrations must be limited and that water vapor is plentiful. These details are brought together within the context of a conceptual model relating cloud-scale dynamics and microphysics.

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“…The major physical parametrizations adopted by OLAM are the same of the Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (RAMS) including the land-vegetation interaction (Walko et al, 2000a), the cloud microphysics (Meyers et al, 1997;Walko et al, 1995, Walko et al, 2000b, the radiation transfer (Chen and Cotton, 1983;Harrington and Olson, 2001) and cumulus parametrization (Kain and Fritsch, 1990;Grell and Dévény, 2002). The RAMS mesoscale model was used in several applications for the South America studies, e.g.…”

Section: Olam Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate estimates for Eastern Amazon with OLAM model

Silva

Vitorino

Kuhn

et al. 2014

Rev. bras. meteorol.

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The OLAM model has as its characteristics the advantage to represent simultaneously the regional and global meteorological phenomena using a refining grid scheme. During REMAM project OLAM was applied for a few case studies with the goal to evaluate its performance to estimate the regional climate for the eastern Amazon during periods of El Niño and La Niña. Case studies were performed for the rainy periods of the years 2010 and 2011 that were driven by distinct oceanic conditions. Initially, the model results were compared with local observations. The results demonstrated that OLAM was able to represent well the major precipitating regions, the diurnal temperature cycle evolution, and the wind dynamics. After that, analysis of the results demonstrated that if we provide good initial conditions and a good representation of the sea surface temperature evolution, OLAM is able to forecast with two or three months in advance if a rainy season would be wet or dry. Keyword: Climate prediction, OLAM, precipitation, eastern Amazon. RESUMO: ESTIMAVAS CLIMÁTICAS PARA O LESTE DE AMAZÔNIA COM O MODELO OLAMO modelo OLAM tem como característica a vantagem de representar simultaneamente os fenômenos de escala global e regional através de um esquema de refinamento de grades. Durante o projeto REMAM o modelo foi aplicado para alguns estudos de caso com objetivo de avaliar o desempenho do modelo na estimativa do clima da região leste da Amazônia em períodos de El Niño e La Niña. Estudos de caso foram feitos para os períodos chuvosos dos anos 2010 e 2011que apresentaram condições oceânicas distintas. Inicialmente, os resultados do modelo foram comparados com dados observados da região de estudo. Os resultados mostraram que o modelo consegue representar bem os principais centros convectivos da região e adjacências, da evolução local do ciclo diurno de temperatura, e da dinâmica dos ventos. Posteriormente, a análise dos resultados mostrou que, se tivermos bons dados de condição inicial e boa representação da evolução das condições de temperatura da superfície do mar, o modelo consegue prever com antecedência de dois e três meses se uma estação chuvosa será mais seca ou úmida. Palavras-chave: Previsão climática, OLAM, precipitação, leste da Amazônia.

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On the potential influence of ice nuclei on surface‐forced marine stratocumulus cloud dynamics

Cited by 69 publications

References 37 publications

A numerical study of aerosol influence on mixed-phase stratiform clouds through modulation of the liquid phase

A numerical study of aerosol influence on mixed-phase stratiform clouds through modulation of the liquid phase

Vertical Motions in Arctic Mixed-Phase Stratiform Clouds

Climate estimates for Eastern Amazon with OLAM model

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