On the possible method of identification of two probably cognate extensive air showers

Abstract

The persistent attempts are undertaken to show existence and investigate the special pairs of Extensive Air Showers (EAS) that can be suspected in common origin in the near space, i.e. to observe some consequence of existence of Cosmic Ray Ensemble (CRE). The remote cosmic ray stations observing EAS events are useful for this investigation. Such stations are operating within the GELATICA net (GEorgian Large-area Angle and TIme Coincidence Array) and are planed within the CREDO Collaboration (Cosmic Ray Extremely Distributed Observatory) as the CREDO-Maze project. The possible criteria are developed in the paper for detecting of two specific showers which ancestors have probable mutual proximity in their past.

First Results on the Revealing of Cognate Ancestors among the Particles of the Primary Cosmic Rays That Gave Rise to Extensive Air Showers Observed by the GELATICA Network

“…A long continuous process of showers' observations at as many remote cosmic ray stations as possible is needed to estimate both the times of EASs observations and the directions of their motion. The method of ascertainment of the desired historically proximal showers proposed in [32,33] proved to be effective in solving the problem of searching for manifestations of the CRE effect. However, a side question arose about the cause of the observed temporal asymmetry in the locations of the regions of the mutual approach of independent PCR particles.…”

“…The possible cosmic ray ensembles can be revealed among the PCR particles which have generated the remote showers observed by the network's goniometers by determining the historical proximity (that is of possible "affinity") of the ancestor particles of both showers in every pair of showers associated with the possible CRE. The method of ascertainment of the possible historical proximity of two remote showers has been proposed earlier in our papers [32,33].…”

“…Right, the length of the vector (2) ∆ = |∆| is used as the required measure of the two-shower historical proximity. The method of estimation of the respective dispersion σ ∆ 2 is explained in previous papers [32,33].…”

“…(The whole number of pairs of remote showers during the period of simultaneous observations is approximately 24,325 × 213,997 ≈ 5 × 10 9 -see Table 4). The values of temporal sequencing S (3) and spatial proximity P (4) are calculated for each pair in this sample in concordance with [32,33] (the magnitude k σ = 3 is taken for the optional coefficient k σ in the definition (4) of the proximity P parameter). Their positions on the (P, S) plane are shown in Figure 6, together with histograms of the affinity criterion K (5).…”