On the Possibility of Miniature Diamond-Based Magnetometers Using Waveguide Geometries

Bougas, Lykourgos; Wilzewski, Alexander; Dumeige, Yannick; Antypas, Dionysios; Wu, Teng; Wickenbrock, Arne; Bourgeois, Emilie; Nesládek, Miloš; Clevenson, Hannah; Braje, Danielle; Englund, Dirk; Budker, Dmitry

doi:10.3390/mi9060276

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…As discussed in our previous work, feeding multiple diamond sensors from the same central laser via fibre optic coupling would be highly desirable, particularly in terms of spatially resolving the location of signals within tissue and to perform gradiometry to reduce common mode noise 35 . An alternative direction is full miniturisation and integration of the sensor using semiconductor nanofabrication techniques, although as yet this has yet to deliver the necessary sensitivity 36 , 37 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of biological signals from a live mammalian muscle using an early stage diamond quantum sensor

Webb

Troise

Hansen

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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The ability to perform noninvasive and non-contact measurements of electric signals produced by action potentials is essential in biomedicine. A key method to do this is to remotely sense signals by the magnetic field they induce. Existing methods for magnetic field sensing of mammalian tissue, used in techniques such as magnetoencephalography of the brain, require cryogenically cooled superconducting detectors. These have many disadvantages in terms of high cost, flexibility and limited portability as well as poor spatial and temporal resolution. In this work we demonstrate an alternative technique for detecting magnetic fields generated by the current from action potentials in living tissue using nitrogen vacancy centres in diamond. With 50 pT/$$\sqrt{\text {Hz}}$$ Hz sensitivity, we show the first measurements of magnetic sensing from mammalian tissue with a diamond sensor using mouse muscle optogenetically activated with blue light. We show these proof of principle measurements can be performed in an ordinary, unshielded lab environment and that the signal can be easily recovered by digital signal processing techniques. Although as yet uncompetitive with probe electrophysiology in terms of sensitivity, we demonstrate the feasibility of sensing action potentials via magnetic field in mammals using a diamond quantum sensor, as a step towards microscopic imaging of electrical activity in a biological sample using nitrogen vacancy centres in diamond.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of biological signals from a live mammalian muscle using an early stage diamond quantum sensor

Webb

Troise

Hansen

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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“…A factor critical to good performance in diamond NV magnetometry is coupling laser light in at Brewster's angle for diamond. This produces significant improvements in fluorescence generation by both coupling more pump light into the diamond and increasing internal reflection of the pump light, illuminating more NV centers [36]. This also has the additional benefit of minimizing damaging pump laser leakage into any biological sample.…”

Section: Laser Coupling and Light Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of a Diamond Nitrogen Vacancy Centre Magnetometer for Sensing of Biological Signals

Webb

Troise

Hansen³

et al. 2020

Front. Phys.

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“…Many of the current day quantum technology applications make use of diamond, more specifically diamond with nitrogen-vacancy (NV) defects. 1,2 This optically active defect makes it possible for diamond to be used for high resolution magnetometery, quantum entanglement experiments, such as testing of the Bell inequality, and much more. [3][4][5][6][7][8] Although it is possible to produce NV centres in diamond in a controlled way, the efficiency of the NV centre itself is limited by its strong electron-phonon coupling.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can europium atoms form luminescent centres in diamond: A combined theoretical–experimental study

Vanpoucke

Nicley

Raymakers

et al. 2019

Diamond and Related Materials

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The incorporation of Eu into the diamond lattice is investigated in a combined theoreticalexperimental study. The large size of the Eu ion induces a strain on the host lattice, which is minimal for the Eu-vacancy complex. The oxidation state of Eu is calculated to be 3+ for all defect models considered. In contrast, the total charge of the defect-complexes is shown to be negative: −1.5 to −2.3 electron. Hybrid-functional electronic-band-structures show the luminescence of the Eu defect to be strongly dependent on the local defect geometry. The 4-coordinated Eu substitutional dopant is the most promising candidate to present the typical Eu 3+ luminescence, while the 6-coordinated Eu-vacancy complex is expected not to present any luminescent behaviour. Preliminary experimental results on the treatment of diamond films with Eu-containing precursor indicate the possible incorporation of Eu into diamond films treated by drop-casting. Changes in the PL spectrum, with the main luminescent peak shifting from approximately 614 nm to 611 nm after the growth plasma exposure, and the appearance of a shoulder peak at 625 nm indicate the potential incorporation. Drop-casting treatment with an electronegative polymer material was shown not to be necessary to observe the Eu signature following the plasma exposure, and increased the background luminescence.

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On the Possibility of Miniature Diamond-Based Magnetometers Using Waveguide Geometries

Cited by 16 publications

References 29 publications

Detection of biological signals from a live mammalian muscle using an early stage diamond quantum sensor

Detection of biological signals from a live mammalian muscle using an early stage diamond quantum sensor

Optimization of a Diamond Nitrogen Vacancy Centre Magnetometer for Sensing of Biological Signals

Can europium atoms form luminescent centres in diamond: A combined theoretical–experimental study

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