On the origin of the huge nonlinear response of dye-doped liquid crystals

Simoni, F.; Lucchetti, L.; Lucchetta, D. E.; Francescangeli, O.

doi:10.1364/oe.9.000085

Cited by 97 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…It has been proposed by the discoverers that this huge nonlinearity is the result of a very effective photorefractive effect. However, other workers have observed also strong surface-driven effects taking place with the same dye [45], and this issue is currently unsettled. Nonetheless, this discovery shows that even without systematic efforts for material optimization, the giant nonlinearity of photosensitive liquid crystals keeps breaking all previous records.…”

Section: Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Mechanisms of giant optical nonlinearity in light-absorbing liquid crystals: a brief primer

Marrucci¹

2002

Liquid Crystals Today

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Section: Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Mechanisms of giant optical nonlinearity in light-absorbing liquid crystals: a brief primer

Marrucci¹

2002

Liquid Crystals Today

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“…The observation of the defect pattern twice was unexpected, and it may be due to the pre-transitional state before the total phase transition. It is known that there is another state before the phase transition from the LC to the isotropic phase for various dye-doped LC systems [21][22][23], called the pre-transitional state. Under this state, a colossal refractive index change was induced, indicating an ordered state [24].…”

Section: Observation Of Photo-responsementioning

confidence: 99%

Formation of Photo-Responsive Liquid Crystalline Emulsion by Using Microfluidics Device

Dogishi

Endo

Sohn

et al. 2017

Entropy

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Photo-responsive double emulsions made of liquid crystal (LC) were prepared by a microfluidic device, and the light-induced processes were studied. The phase transition was induced from the center of the topological defect for an emulsion made of (N-(4-methoxybenzylidene)-4-butylaniline (MBBA), and strange texture change was observed for an emulsion made of 4-cyano-4 -pentylbiphenyl (5CB) doped with azobenzene. The results suggest that there are defect-involved processes in the phase change of LC double emulsions.

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“…Dye-doped LC systems are highly promising materials for novel OASLMs based on photorefractive orientational effects. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9] Such devices are intrinsically photorefractive without the need of special layers or circuitry, therefore there are no strict technological limitations on the device area. They can be used in transmission as well as reflection, and measurements show that the resolution of 1-layer dye-doped-LC device can be better than that of the 2-layer amorphous silicon OASLM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PROJECTION OF HOLOGRAMS FROM PHOTOREFRACTIVE OASLMs

Trushkevych

Collings

Crossland

et al. 2007

J. Nonlinear Optic. Phys. Mat.

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Liquid crystals doped with fullerenes and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) act as good optical nonlinear materials. We have used these materials to build optically addressed spatial light modulators (OASLMs). The devices comprise of single layer of doped liquid crystal acting as an active layer. Undoped LC devices with surfaces coated with fullerenes are also studied.Such OASLMs allow recording of phase holograms, and we record by imaging pre-calculated pre-recorded holograms. Writing is performed at normal incidence and reading at 45 o oblique incidence. Both, transmission and reflection modes of operation are used. Experimental results as well as comparison with commercially available OASLMs are presented.Keywords: optically addressed spatial light modulator (OASLM), holography, fullerene, carbon nanotube, liquid crystal, optical nonlinear materials, photorefractivity. IntroductionSpatial light modulators (SLMs) are devices that can record two-dimensional images and erase the previously recorded image. They are increasingly used in many applications including video and display applications 1 and real-time holography 2 . Electrically addressed SLMs are * or213@cam.ac.uk; phone +44 1223 748347; fax +44 1223 748348; http://www-g.eng.cam.ac.uk/photonics 2 expensive, and due to limitations on the driving circuitry the number of addressable pixels is limited. To simplify the system, one can address SLMs directly by light.Optically addressed spatial light modulators (OASLMs) are already commercially available (Hamamatsu † ). These devices are based on adjacent amorphous silicon and Liquid Crystal (LC) layers. They are relatively simple, but still hard to manufacture and can be used only in reflection at visible wavelengths. Dye-doped LC systems are highly promising materials for novel OASLMs based on photorefractive orientational effects. 3-9 Such devices are intrinsically photorefractive without the need of special layers or circuitry, therefore there are no strict technological limitations on the device area. They can be used in transmission as well as reflection, and measurements show that the resolution of 1-layer dye-doped-LC device can be better than that of the 2-layer amorphous silicon OASLM. 10 Target characteristics for photorefractive OASLMs are 2 phase modulation and fast switching (e.g. at least 20 ms for video applications). The devices are also expected to have low power consumption, low cost, high resolution (~ 10m) and good lifetime.Nematic liquid crystals doped with fullerenes 6,11,12 and carbon nanotubes 13,14 are recognised for their extraordinary large optical nonlinearities with nonlinear refractive index coefficient n 2 up to 20 cm 2 /W 11,12 . It is believed that the nonlinearities are due to the reorientation of the nematic director which occurs due to light-induced space-charge field formation aided by the dopant 6 .In this work we report performance of transmissive and reflective photorefractive OASLMs based on a single layer of fullerene or carbon nanotube doped nematic liquid crystals. Undoped L...

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On the origin of the huge nonlinear response of dye-doped liquid crystals

Cited by 97 publications

References 4 publications

Mechanisms of giant optical nonlinearity in light-absorbing liquid crystals: a brief primer

Mechanisms of giant optical nonlinearity in light-absorbing liquid crystals: a brief primer

Formation of Photo-Responsive Liquid Crystalline Emulsion by Using Microfluidics Device

PROJECTION OF HOLOGRAMS FROM PHOTOREFRACTIVE OASLMs

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