On the Origin of the Near-Infrared Emission From the Neutron-Star Low-Mass X-Ray Binary Gx 9+1*

Berg, M. van den; Homan, J.

doi:10.3847/1538-4357/834/1/71

ApJ

2017

DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/834/1/71

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On the Origin of the Near-Infrared Emission From the Neutron-Star Low-Mass X-Ray Binary Gx 9+1*

M. van den Berg

J. Homan

Abstract: We have determined an improved position for the luminous persistent neutron-star low-mass X-ray binary and atoll source GX 9+1 from archival Chandra X-ray Observatory data. The new position significantly differs from a previously published Chandra position for this source. Based on the revised X-ray position we have identified a new near-infrared (NIR) counterpart to GX 9+1 in K s -band images obtained with the PANIC and FourStar cameras on the Magellan Baade Telescope. NIR spectra of this =  K 16.5 0.1 s mag… Show more

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Cited by 3 publications

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A new radio census of neutron star X-ray binaries

Eijnden

Degenaar

Wijnands

et al. 2021

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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We report new radio observations of a sample of thirty-six neutron star (NS) X-ray binaries, more than doubling the sample in the literature observed at current-day sensitivities. These sources include thirteen weakly-magnetised (B < 1010 G) and twenty-three strongly-magnetised (B ≥ 1010 G) NSs. Sixteen of the latter category reside in high-mass X-ray binaries, of which only two systems were radio-detected previously. We detect four weakly and nine strongly-magnetised NSs; the latter are systematically radio fainter than the former and do not exceed LR ≈ 3 × 1028 erg/s. In turn, we confirm the earlier finding that the weakly-magnetized NSs are typically radio fainter than accreting stellar-mass black holes. While an unambiguous identification of the origin of radio emission in high-mass X-ray binaries is challenging, we find that in all but two detected sources (Vela X-1 and 4U 1700-37) the radio emission appears more likely attributable to a jet than the donor star wind. The strongly-magnetised NS sample does not reveal a global correlation between X-ray and radio luminosity, which may be a result of sensitivity limits. Furthermore, we discuss the effect of NS spin and magnetic field on radio luminosity and jet power in our sample. No current model can account for all observed properties, necessitating the development and refinement of NS jet models to include magnetic field strengths up to 1013 G. Finally, we discuss jet quenching in soft states of NS low-mass X-ray binaries, the radio non-detections of all observed very-faint X-ray binaries in our sample, and future radio campaigns of accreting NSs.

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A new radio census of neutron star X-ray binaries

Eijnden

Degenaar

Wijnands

et al. 2021

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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Multiwavelength observations reveal a faint candidate black hole X-ray binary in IGR J17285−2922

Stoop

Eijnden

Degenaar

et al. 2021

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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IGR J17285−2922 is a known X-ray binary with a low peak 2–10 keV X-ray luminosity of ∼ 1036 erg s−1 during outburst. IGR J17285−2922 exhibited two outbursts in 2003 and 2010 and went into outburst again in 2019. We have monitored this ∼ 4-month long 2019 outburst with Swift in X-ray and the Very Large Array in radio. We have also obtained four optical spectra with the Gran Telescopio Canarias and Southern Astrophysical Research Telescope, three optical photometry measurements with the Las Cumbres Observatory and one near-infrared spectrum with the Gemini South telescope. The ratio between its X-ray and radio luminosity is consistent with both samples of neutron star and black hole (BH) X-ray binaries, while the ratio between the X-ray and optical luminosity is consistent with BH X-ray binaries. Studying the evolution of its X-ray power-law index throughout the outburst, we find additional evidence for a BH as compact object. The four optical spectra show no Hα emission and the nIR spectrum shows no Brγ emission, suggesting that the donor star could be hydrogen-poor and hence that IGR J17285−2922 might have an ultra-compact binary orbit. The shape of the X-ray light curve is well described by an exponential, followed by a linear decay, from which we obtain a relation between the orbital period Porb and the binary mass ratio. We discuss how this relation is consistent with theoretical predictions and known ultra-compact X-ray binaries. Lastly, we discuss how the observed properties are reminiscent of short-Porb BH X-ray binaries.

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NuSTAR and AstroSat observations of GX 9+1: spectral and temporal studies

Thomas

Gudennavar

Bubbly

2023

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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We have studied the spectro-temporal properties of the neutron star low mass X-ray binary GX 9+1 using data from NuSTAR/FPM and AstroSat/SXT and LAXPC. The hardness-intensity diagram of the source showed it to be in the soft spectral state during both observations. NuSTAR spectral analysis yielded an inclination angle (θ) = 29${^{+3}_{-4}}^{\circ }$ and inner disk radius (Rin) ≤ 19.01 km. Assuming that the accretion disk was truncated at the Alfvén radius during the observation, the upper limit of the magnetic dipole moment (μ) and the magnetic field strength (B) at the poles of the neutron star in GX 9+1 were calculated to be 1.45×1026 G cm3 and 2.08×108 G, respectively (for kA = 1). Flux resolved spectral analysis with AstroSat data showed the source to be in the soft spectral state (Fdisk/Ftotal ∼0.9) with a monotonic increase in mass accretion rate ($\dot{m}$) along the banana branch. The analysis also showed the presence of absorption edges at ∼1.9 and ∼2.4 keV, likely due to Si XIII and S XV, respectively. Temporal analysis with LAXPC-20 data in the 0.02 − 100 Hz range revealed the presence of noise components, which could be characterized with broad Lorentzian components.

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On the Origin of the Near-Infrared Emission From the Neutron-Star Low-Mass X-Ray Binary Gx 9+1*

Cited by 3 publications

References 65 publications

A new radio census of neutron star X-ray binaries

A new radio census of neutron star X-ray binaries

Multiwavelength observations reveal a faint candidate black hole X-ray binary in IGR J17285−2922

NuSTAR and AstroSat observations of GX 9+1: spectral and temporal studies

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