On the Origin of the Extracellular Action Potential Waveform: A Modeling Study

Gold, Carl A.; Henze, Darrell A.; Koch, Christof; Buzsáki, György

doi:10.1152/jn.00979.2005

Cited by 526 publications

(607 citation statements)

References 53 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

551

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Briefly, we employed a forward modeling scheme with morphologically realistic neuronal models toward understanding the impact of active dendritic conductances on LFPs and spike theta phase of hippocampal pyramidal neurons. LFPs were constructed through line-source approximation (7,8,30,31) of neuronal compartments from 440 (or 1,797 or 11,297; Fig. 3) morphologically realistic CA1 pyramidal neuron models.…”

Section: Models and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

HCN channels enhance spike phase coherence and regulate the phase of spikes and LFPs in the theta-frequency range

Sinha

Narayanan

2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

What are the implications for the existence of subthreshold ion channels, their localization profiles, and plasticity on local field potentials (LFPs)? Here, we assessed the role of hyperpolarizationactivated cyclic-nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels in altering hippocampal theta-frequency LFPs and the associated spike phase. We presented spatiotemporally randomized, balanced theta-modulated excitatory and inhibitory inputs to somatically aligned, morphologically realistic pyramidal neuron models spread across a cylindrical neuropil. We computed LFPs from seven electrode sites and found that the insertion of an experimentally constrained HCN-conductance gradient into these neurons introduced a location-dependent lead in the LFP phase without significantly altering its amplitude. Further, neurons fired action potentials at a specific theta phase of the LFP, and the insertion of HCN channels introduced large lags in this spike phase and a striking enhancement in neuronal spike-phase coherence. Importantly, graded changes in either HCN conductance or its half-maximal activation voltage resulted in graded changes in LFP and spike phases. Our conclusions on the impact of HCN channels on LFPs and spike phase were invariant to changes in neuropil size, to morphological heterogeneity, to excitatory or inhibitory synaptic scaling, and to shifts in the onset phase of inhibitory inputs. Finally, we selectively abolished the inductive lead in the impedance phase introduced by HCN channels without altering neuronal excitability and found that this inductive phase lead contributed significantly to changes in LFP and spike phase. Our results uncover specific roles for HCN channels and their plasticity in phase-coding schemas and in the formation and dynamic reconfiguration of neuronal cell assemblies.L ocal field potentials (LFPs) have been largely believed to be a reflection of the synaptic drive that impinges on a neuron. In recent experimental and modeling studies, there has been a lot of debate on the source and spatial extent of LFPs (1-9). However, most of these studies have used neurons with passive dendrites in their models and/or have largely focused on the contribution of spike-generating conductances to LFPs (7,8,10,11). Despite the widely acknowledged regulatory roles of subthreshold-activated ion channels and their somatodendritic gradients in the physiology and pathophysiology of synapses and neurons (12-17), the implications for their existence on LFPs and neuronal spike phase have surprisingly remained unexplored. This lacuna in LFP analysis is especially striking because local and widespread plasticity of these channels has been observed across several physiological and pathological conditions, translating to putative roles for these channels in neural coding, homeostasis, disease etiology and remedies, learning, and memory (16,(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23).In this study, we focus on the role of hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels that mediate the h current (I h ) in regulating LFPs and ...

show abstract

Section: Models and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

HCN channels enhance spike phase coherence and regulate the phase of spikes and LFPs in the theta-frequency range

Sinha

Narayanan

2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The isolated single units were then classified into GABAergic or dopaminergic cells. Because the shape of the waveforms can vary depending on the location of the electrode wire in relation to the cell (Gold et al, 2006), we relied mainly on spike duration in cell type classification (Fig. 2).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of Action Selection and Timing in Substantia Nigra Neurons

Fan¹,

Rossi²,

Yin³

2012

J. Neurosci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The timing of actions is critical for adaptive behavior. In this study we measured neural activity in the substantia nigra as mice learned to change their action duration to earn food rewards. We observed dramatic changes in single unit activity during learning: both dopaminergic and GABAergic neurons changed their activity in relation to behavior to reflect the learned instrumental contingency and the action duration. We found the emergence of "action-on" neurons that increased firing for the duration of the lever press and mirrorimage "action-off" neurons that paused at the same time. This pattern is especially common among GABAergic neurons. The activity of many neurons also reflected confidence about the just completed action and the prospect of reward. Being correlated with the relative duration of the completed action, their activity could predict the likelihood of reward collection. Compared with the GABAergic neurons, the activity of dopaminergic neurons was more commonly modulated by the discriminative stimulus signaling the start of each trial, suggesting that their phasic activity reflected sensory salience rather than any reward prediction error found in previous work. In short, these results suggest that (1) nigral activity is highly plastic and modified by the learning of the instrumental contingency; (2) GABAergic output from the substantia nigra can simultaneously inhibit and disinhibit downstream structures, while the dopaminergic output also provide bidirectional modulation of the corticostriatal circuits; (3) dopaminergic and GABAergic neurons show similar task-related activity, although DA neurons are more responsive to the trial start signal.

show abstract

“…In addition to discharge rate, the shape of the action potential (Matsumura et al, 1995;de Polavieja et al, 2005;Gold et al, 2006) is also thought to reflect intrinsic changes in neuronal excitability (e.g., availability of sodium channels). We used the From top to bottom, The relationship between the mean corrected firing rate and the frequency of pauses; the relationship between the mean corrected firing rate and the mean pause duration; and the relationship between the mean corrected firing rate and the amount of time the cell was in a pause.…”

Section: Relationships Between Discharge Parameters and Pausesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statistical Properties of Pauses of the High-Frequency Discharge Neurons in the External Segment of the Globus Pallidus

Elias¹,

Joshua²,

Goldberg³

et al. 2007

J. Neurosci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The neurons of many basal ganglia nuclei, including the external and internal globus pallidus (GPe and GPi, respectively) and the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr) are characterized by their high-frequency (50 -100 spikes/s) tonic discharge (HFD). However, the high firing rate of GPe neurons is interrupted by long pauses. We studied the extracellularly recorded spiking activity of 212 well-isolated HFD GPe and 52 GPi/SNr neurons from five monkeys during different states of behavioral activity. An algorithm that maximizes the surprise function was used to detect pauses and pauser cells ("pausers"). Only 6% of the GPi/SNr neurons versus as many as 56% of the GPe neurons were classified as pausers. The GPe average pause duration equals 0.62 s. The interpause intervals follow a Poissonian distribution with a frequency of 13 pauses/minute. No linear relationship was found between pause parameters (duration or frequency) and the firing rate of the cell. Pauses were preceded by various changes in firing rate but not dominantly by a decrease. The average amplitude and duration of the spike waveform was modulated only after the pause but not before it. Pauses of pairs of cells that were recorded simultaneously were not correlated. The probability of GPe cells to pause spontaneously was extremely variable among monkeys (30 -90%) and inversely related to the degree of the monkey's motor activity. These findings suggest that spontaneous GPe pauses are related to low-arousal periods and are generated by a process that is independent of the discharge properties of the cells.

show abstract

On the Origin of the Extracellular Action Potential Waveform: A Modeling Study

Cited by 526 publications

References 53 publications

HCN channels enhance spike phase coherence and regulate the phase of spikes and LFPs in the theta-frequency range

HCN channels enhance spike phase coherence and regulate the phase of spikes and LFPs in the theta-frequency range

Mechanisms of Action Selection and Timing in Substantia Nigra Neurons

Statistical Properties of Pauses of the High-Frequency Discharge Neurons in the External Segment of the Globus Pallidus

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About