On the origin of molecular oxygen on the surface of Ganymede

Migliorini, A.; Kaňuchová, Z.; Ioppolo, Sergio; Barbieri, M.; Jones, Nykola C.; Hoffmann, Søren Vrønning; Strazzulla, G.; Tosi, F.; Piccioni, G.

doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2022.115074

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…For Ganymede, surface O 2 is primarily located in the middle and low latitudes of the trailing hemisphere (Trumbo et al 2021), which is consistent with current flux models, O 2 production via the radiolysis of H 2 O ice (Johnson & Jesser 1997;Poppe et al 2018), and more recent comparisons of Ganymede's spectra and laboratory spectra of oxygen-rich H 2 O ice (Migliorini et al 2022). Mainly, O 3 has been identified in the trailing hemisphere (Noll et al 1996;Hendrix et al 1999) and found to be most abundant near the poles of the trailing hemisphere (Hendrix et al 1999).…”

Section: Astrophysical Implicationssupporting

confidence: 82%

Thermal Reactions between H₂S and O₃: Implications for Europa Surface Chemistry

Tribbett¹,

Loeffler²

2022

Planet. Sci. J.

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Here we present a laboratory study demonstrating a low-temperature thermal oxidation reaction within H2O + H2S + O3 solid ice mixtures that produces observable sulfur anion products at temperatures as low as 90 K. This reaction primarily produces SO2, sulfur anions (including HSO 3 − , HSO 4 − , and SO 4 2 − ), and O2 at lower temperatures (90–140 K) and hydrated states of sulfuric acid (H2SO4: nH2O, where n = 0, 1, 4) at higher temperatures (150–250 K). We estimate that the overall activation energy to initiate these reactions is 20 ± 3 kJ mol−1, which is significantly lower than the activation energy required to oxidize SO2 to the sulfate ion. Given the detection of sulfur species on the surfaces of the Galilean satellites and the prevalence of radiolytically produced oxidants, we expect that these thermal reactions will play an important role in explaining the results obtained from future observations and missions that can measure the spatial distribution of these species.

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Section: Astrophysical Implicationssupporting

confidence: 82%

Thermal Reactions between H₂S and O₃: Implications for Europa Surface Chemistry

Tribbett¹,

Loeffler²

2022

Planet. Sci. J.

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“…This mechanism has been well studied on airless planets such as Mercury (e.g., Biber et al., 2022; Ip, 1993; Killen et al., 2022; McGrath et al., 1986; Pfleger et al., 2015) and satellites, such as Moon (e.g., Johnson & Baragiola, 1991; Szabo et al., 2018; Tucker et al., 2019; Vorburger et al., 2014; Wurz et al., 2007), Europa (e.g., Cassidy et al., 2013; Johnson & Sundqvist, 2018; Oza et al., 2019; Vorburger & Wurz, 2018), Callisto (e.g. Carberry Mogan et al., 2022, 2023; Vorburger et al., 2019), and Ganymede (e.g., Carnielli et al., 2020; Ip et al., 1997; Migliorini et al., 2022; Pontoni et al., 2022; Vorburger et al., 2024). Since the observations of the sodium cloud in the vicinity of Io (Brown et al., 1974), the sputtering of surface material by incident plasma has been proposed first by Matson et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A One‐Dimensional Model of Atmospheric Sputtering at Io Driven by S⁺⁺ and O⁺

Huang,

Gu,

et al. 2024

JGR Planets

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Io, the closest of Jupiter's four Galilean moons, suffers from intense ion bombardment from Jupiter's magnetosphere. The constant atmospheric erosion by energetic ion precipitation, referred to atmospheric sputtering, serves as an important mechanism of Io's atmospheric escape. This study is devoted to a state‐of‐the‐art study of atmospheric sputtering at Io, with the aid of constantly accumulated understandings of Io's space environment and atmospheric photochemistry, as well as the updated laboratory measurements. A Monte Carlo model is constructed to track the energy degradation of incident S++ and O+ and atmospheric recoils from which the sputtering yields of different atmospheric species are determined. Our calculations suggest a total escape rate of 3 × 1029 atom s−1 on Io, and SO2 is the dominant sputtered species. Further investigations reveal that S++ is the most efficient species for atmospheric sputtering on Io, and sputtering yields increase substantially with increasing incident ion mass, energy, and incidence angle. The model sensitivity to different influence factors is also discussed, including scattering angle distribution, atmospheric column density, proton precipitation, inelastic process, and surface sputtering, of which the former two dominate.

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Moons and Jupiter Imaging Spectrometer (MAJIS) on Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer (JUICE)

Poulet,

Piccioni,

Langevin

et al. 2024

Space Sci Rev

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The MAJIS (Moons And Jupiter Imaging Spectrometer) instrument on board the ESA JUICE (JUpiter ICy moon Explorer) mission is an imaging spectrometer operating in the visible and near-infrared spectral range from 0.50 to 5.55 μm in two spectral channels with a boundary at 2.3 μm and spectral samplings for the VISNIR and IR channels better than 4 nm/band and 7 nm/band, respectively. The IFOV is 150 μrad over a total of 400 pixels. As already amply demonstrated by the past and present operative planetary space missions, an imaging spectrometer of this type can span a wide range of scientific objectives, from the surface through the atmosphere and exosphere. MAJIS is then perfectly suitable for a comprehensive study of the icy satellites, with particular emphasis on Ganymede, the Jupiter atmosphere, including its aurorae and the spectral characterization of the whole Jupiter system, including the ring system, small inner moons, and targets of opportunity whenever feasible. The accurate measurement of radiance from the different targets, in some case particularly faint due to strong absorption features, requires a very sensitive cryogenic instrument operating in a severe radiation environment. In this respect MAJIS is the state-of-the-art imaging spectrometer devoted to these objectives in the outer Solar System and its passive cooling system without cryocoolers makes it potentially robust for a long-life mission as JUICE is. In this paper we report the scientific objectives, discuss the design of the instrument including its complex on-board pipeline, highlight the achieved performance, and address the observation plan with the relevant instrument modes.

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On the origin of molecular oxygen on the surface of Ganymede

Cited by 5 publications

References 47 publications

Thermal Reactions between H₂S and O₃: Implications for Europa Surface Chemistry

Thermal Reactions between H₂S and O₃: Implications for Europa Surface Chemistry

A One‐Dimensional Model of Atmospheric Sputtering at Io Driven by S⁺⁺ and O⁺

Moons and Jupiter Imaging Spectrometer (MAJIS) on Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer (JUICE)

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On the origin of molecular oxygen on the surface of Ganymede

Cited by 5 publications

References 47 publications

Thermal Reactions between H2S and O3: Implications for Europa Surface Chemistry

Thermal Reactions between H2S and O3: Implications for Europa Surface Chemistry

A One‐Dimensional Model of Atmospheric Sputtering at Io Driven by S++ and O+

Moons and Jupiter Imaging Spectrometer (MAJIS) on Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer (JUICE)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Thermal Reactions between H₂S and O₃: Implications for Europa Surface Chemistry

Thermal Reactions between H₂S and O₃: Implications for Europa Surface Chemistry

A One‐Dimensional Model of Atmospheric Sputtering at Io Driven by S⁺⁺ and O⁺