On the occurrence of<i>ficus</i>pollen in neotropical quaternary sediments

Horn, Sally P.; Ramírez, William

doi:10.1080/01916122.1990.9989367

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…taxa. Ficus pollen is always rare in this study (although this is not always the case: see Horn & Ramirez, 1990) but, as might be suspected, the occurrence of pollen is matched by a fig tree growing close by. Consequently, the comparison of Ficus pollen representation with that of Ficus trees has an insignificant variance.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 53%

“…In these samples, this group is comprised of Ficus species, which are cleistogamous and monoecious (generally). Ficus pollen is documented from lake sediments (Bush & Colinvaux, 1988; Horn & Ramírez, 1990) and is a very abundant component in some pollen samples trapped in Ecuadorian flood forests (Bush, unpublished data). A combination of frugivore defecation or direct input of fallen figs to lakes is the most likely explanation of these occurrences.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pollination strategies can range from those that produce and waste little pollen to those that produce and waste vast amounts. It is the release of such wasted pollen that Horn referred to as ‘messy pollination’ (Horn & Ramirez, 1990). Zoophily is often the product of co‐evolution of the plant and its pollinator and such specialization, at least among temperate species, results in less pollen being produced than in anemophilous counterparts (Faegri & van der Pijl, 1979).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reproductive ecology and pollen representation among neotropical trees

Bush¹,

Rivera

2001

Global Ecology and Biogeography

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Three years of pollen trapping data from Barro Colorado Island, Panama, are compared with local vegetation inventories. Two hypotheses relating pollen representation to 'messy' pollination and flower form are tested. Dioecious taxa were found to be over-represented in pollen spectra compared with their occurrence in local forests. Similarly, anemophilous and 'messy' pollination types were found to be over-represented. While anemophilous taxa were the best dispersed pollen types, zoophilous taxa were also well-represented in dispersal classes of 20-40 m and > 40 m. Thus pollen arriving to lake sediments is most likely to be from anemophilous species or those zoophilous species exhibiting 'messy' pollination syndromes. Pollination mechanisms will predictably bias the fossil record against certain flower morphologies. These data are of significance to those using the fossil pollen record to reconstruct the timing and sequence of angiosperm evolution. These data help prioritize plants to be included in modern pollen reference collections and to focus the search for 'unknown' types on most-likely candidate families.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 53%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reproductive ecology and pollen representation among neotropical trees

Bush¹,

Rivera

2001

Global Ecology and Biogeography

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“…In the Mauritia-rich forest Ficus was locally very abundant. Ficus is cleistogamous and so its presence in the samples probably reflects either defecation by frugivores or the direct input of figs falling onto the traps (Horn & Ramirez 1990). It is possible that parrots (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of biogeographic and ecological heterogeneity on Amazonian pollen spectra

et al. 2001

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ABSTRACT. The influence of gamma-(γ) and beta-(β) diversity on modern pollen rain is assessed using data from three Amazonian forests. Pollen rain of 79 forest locations was collected in modified Oldfield pollen traps between 1991 and 1993. Pollen diversity in the traps was high with > 280 palynomorph types recognized. Gamma diversity was assessed by comparing lowland terra firme forests in Cuyabeno, Ecuador, with two terra firme forests near Manaus, Brazil. The influence of β-diversity on local pollen rain was investigated using samples collected from neighbouring terra firme forests, seasonally flooded forests, and Mauritia-rich forests at Cuyabeno, Ecuador. Multivariate analyses revealed that γ-diversity produces a stronger signal in the pollen rain than β-diversity. However, β-diversity is accurately reflected in the pollen rain when the diversity is an expression of strong environmental gradients.

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“…Pollen spectra have the potential to fill this gap, if the spatial and environmental characteristics of niche can be recognized in the pollen signal. Previous studies of modern pollen spectra from tropical forests in Central America (Horn & Ramirez 1990; Bush & Rivera 1998; Bush 2000), the Amazon lowlands (Salgado‐Labouriau 1979; Behling et al 1997; Bush et al 2001; Berrio et al 2003; Gosling et al 2005) and the Andes (Villagran et al 1981; Grabandt 1985; Weng et al 2004; Reese & Liu 2005) have shown the general sensitivity of this proxy to environmental gradients. However, no quantitative modern pollen studies exist that calibrate the pollen signal from Amazonian montane forests using empirical data on species distributional ranges directly measured in permanent vegetation plots.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pollen-vegetation relationships along steep climatic gradients in western Amazonia

Urrego

Silman

Correa‐Metrio

et al. 2011

Journal of Vegetation Science

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Question: How accurately do Amazonian montane forest pollen spectra reflect the vegetation? Can compositional changes observed in the vegetation along environmental gradients be identified in the pollen spectra? How well do herbarium collection data and bioclimatic envelopes represent abundance changes along elevation gradients? Location: Amazonian montane forests, Peru. Methods: Moss polsters collected along five altitudinal transects spanning over 3000 m a.s.l. were used to characterize pollen spectra. Vegetation plot data from a network of 15 1‐ha permanent plots were used to correlate pollen spectra with present‐day vegetation. Probability density functions (PDFs) fitted to pollen and plot data allowed comparisons using Spearman correlation coefficients. Ordination analyses were used to summarize changes in pollen spectra. Correlations between pollen‐based PDFs and previously‐published herbarium collection PDFs were also evaluated. Results: Pollen spectra closely reflected changes in species composition along elevation gradients. A mid‐elevation shift in pollen spectra was identified using ordination analyses. Pollen spectra from the driest forest in our data set were statistically different from those of wet forests. Pollen abundance PDFs along the altitudinal gradient were significantly correlated (P<0.01) with PDFs fitted to plot abundance, basal area and herbarium collection data for ten out of 11 taxa analysed. Conclusions: Pollen spectra closely reflected the vegetation composition of Amazonian montane forests. The differentiation of pollen spectra from dry localities showed the potential of genus‐level pollen data to reflect precipitation gradients. Pollen spectra also reflected mid‐elevation compositional changes well along the lower elevation limit of ground cloud formation. Despite collection biases, herbarium‐based bioclimatic envelope PDFs also represented well forest compositional changes along elevation gradients.

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On the occurrence officuspollen in neotropical quaternary sediments

Cited by 11 publications

References 10 publications

Reproductive ecology and pollen representation among neotropical trees

Reproductive ecology and pollen representation among neotropical trees

The influence of biogeographic and ecological heterogeneity on Amazonian pollen spectra

Pollen-vegetation relationships along steep climatic gradients in western Amazonia

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